세계의 미생물 발효 기술 시장 규모는 2024년에 339억 5,610만 달러로, 2025-2032년의 예측 기간에 CAGR로 5.24%의 성장이 전망됩니다. 시장은 암, HIV, B형 간염, C형 간염, 독감 등 감염성 질환과 같은 만성질환의 유병률 증가로 인해 크게 성장하고 있습니다. 또한 세포치료제, 모노클로널 항체, 재조합 단백질, 유전자치료제 등 첨단 치료제에 대한 수요 증가는 시장 확대를 더욱 촉진하고 있습니다. 합성생물학 및 정밀 발효의 기술적 진보도 생산 효율성, 확장성, 품질 향상에 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다. 이러한 요인들은 바이오프로세스의 지속적인 기술 혁신과 결합하여 예측 기간(2025-2032년) 동안 미생물 발효 기술 시장을 크게 견인할 것으로 예상됩니다.
미생물 발효 기술 시장 역학
미생물 발효 기술 시장은 전 세계에서 만성질환 및 감염성 질환의 유병률 증가로 인해 강력한 성장세를 보이고 있습니다. 세계보건기구(WHO, 2024)에 따르면 2022년 약 3,900만 명이 HIV와 함께 생활하고 있으며, 그 중 성인(15세 이상) 약 3,750만 명, 소아(15세 미만) 약 150만 명이 HIV에 감염되어 있다고 합니다. 또한 같은 자료에 따르면 전 세계에서 3억 4천만 명이 B형 간염과 C형 간염에 감염되어 있으며, B형 간염 환자는 2억 5,400만 명, C형 간염 환자는 5,000만 명에 달할 전망입니다.
전 세계에서 HIV와 바이러스성 간염에 대한 부담이 증가함에 따라 항바이러스제, 단클론 항체, 치료용 백신 등 발효 기반 바이오의약품에 대한 수요가 급증하고 있습니다. 미생물 발효는 이러한 치료제를 대규모로 비용 효율적으로 생산할 수 있도록 하는 데 중요한 역할을 하고 있으며, 환자의 순응도와 치료 결과를 개선하기 위한 지속형 주사제 및 차세대 생물제제의 발전을 지원하고 있습니다.
감염성 질환뿐만 아니라 암, 자가면역질환과 같은 만성질환의 유병률 증가는 미생물 발효기술에 크게 의존하는 세포치료제, 모노클로널 항체, 재조합단백질, 유전자치료제 분야에 대한 수요를 촉진하고 있습니다. 예를 들어 단클론 항체는 종양학 및 면역학에서 필수적인 역할을 하고 있으며, 향후 수년간 시장이 크게 성장할 것으로 예상됩니다. 마찬가지로 재조합 단백질 부문은 대사이상, 혈액 질환, 희귀 유전 질환의 치료에 중요한 역할을 하므로 빠르게 성장하고 있습니다.
이전에는 치료할 수 없었던 유전 질환의 치료에 혁명을 일으키고 있는 유전자 치료도 바이러스 벡터와 플라스미드 DNA 생산을 통해 미생물 발효 기술의 혜택을 누리고 있습니다. 합성생물학 및 정밀 발효의 혁신은 생산 효율, 제품 수율, 품질을 더욱 향상시키고 보다 정교한 표적 치료제의 개발을 지원하고 있습니다.
이러한 성장 촉진요인에도 불구하고 시장은 문제에 직면해 있습니다. 규제 당국의 까다로운 승인 절차, 치료용 단백질을 안정적으로 발현하는 높은 수율의 미생물 균주 개발의 복잡성, 확장성 문제 등이 큰 걸림돌로 작용하고 있습니다. 대규모 생산에서 일관된 품질과 효능을 보장하는 것은 여전히 기술 발전과 공정 최적화가 필요한 중요한 분야입니다.
그럼에도 불구하고 질병 유병률 증가, 바이오의약품 수요 증가, 미생물 발효 분야의 기술 혁신의 상호 작용으로 인해 예측 기간(2025-2032년) 동안 시장은 크게 성장할 것으로 예상되며, R&D에 대한 지속적인 투자로 기존 과제를 극복하고 시장의 잠재력을 더욱 확대할 가능성이 높습니다. 가능성이 높습니다.
북미가 전체 미생물 발효 기술 시장을 독점할 것으로 예측됩니다.
북미는 예측 기간(2025-2032년) 동안 미생물 발효 기술 시장을 주도할 것으로 예상됩니다. 이 지역의 리더십은 감염성 질환(결핵, 인플루엔자, 신흥 병원체 등) 부담 증가, 암 유병률 증가, 활발한 제품 개발 활동, 주요 제조업체의 존재, 잘 구축된 의료 인프라 등 여러 가지 요인에 기인합니다.
Public Health Agency of Canada(2024)에 따르면 캐나다에는 2022년 1,971명의 활동성 결핵 환자가 존재했습니다. 이 지역의 감염병 부담 증가는 발효 유래 항생제 및 백신에 대한 수요를 증가시키고 있습니다. 특히 약제 내성(AMR) 증가로 인해 차세대 항생제 및 바이오의약품에 대한 투자가 강화되고 있으며, 발효 기반 백신 생산은 전염병을 예방하는 중요한 툴로 자리매김하고 있습니다. 효과적인 치료법에 대한 요구가 높아지면서 미생물 발효 기술의 발전에 박차를 가하고 있습니다.
세계의 미생물 발효 기술 시장에 대해 조사분석했으며, 시장 규모와 예측, 과거 3년의 제품/기술개발, 시장의 주요 기업, 이용 가능한 기회 등의 정보를 제공하고 있습니다.
Microbial Fermentation Technology Market by Product Type (Antibiotics, Probiotics, Monoclonal Antibodies, Biosimilar, Recombinant Proteins & Vaccines, Enzymes, and Others), End-User (Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Industry, Contract Research Organizations (CROs), CMOs & CDMOs, and Academic & Research Institutions), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World) is expected to advance at a substantial CAGR forecast till 2032 owing to the increased prevalence of chronic disorders & infectious diseases and growing demand for cell therapy monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and gene therapies globally.
The microbial fermentation technology market was valued at USD 33,956.10 million in 2024, growing at a CAGR of 5.24% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2032. The microbial fermentation technology market is witnessing substantial growth, driven by the rising prevalence of chronic disorders such as cancer and infectious diseases, including HIV, hepatitis B and C, and influenza. Additionally, increasing demand for advanced therapeutics such as cell therapies, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and gene therapies is further propelling market expansion. Technological advancements in synthetic biology and precision fermentation are also playing a pivotal role in enhancing production efficiency, scalability, and product quality. These factors, combined with ongoing innovations in bioprocessing, are expected to drive the microbial fermentation technology market significantly during the forecast period (2025-2032).
Microbial Fermentation Technology Market Dynamics:
The microbial fermentation technology market is experiencing robust growth, primarily driven by the rising prevalence of chronic diseases and infectious conditions globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2024), nearly 39 million people were living with HIV in 2022, with approximately 37.5 million adults (aged 15 and above) and around 1.5 million children (under 15 years). Additionally, the same source reported that 304 million people were infected with hepatitis B and C globally, with 254 million affected by hepatitis B and 50 million by hepatitis C.
The increasing global burden of HIV and viral hepatitis has led to a surge in demand for fermentation-based biopharmaceuticals, including antiviral drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and therapeutic vaccines. Microbial fermentation plays a crucial role in enabling large-scale, cost-effective production of these treatments, supporting advancements in long-acting injectables and next-generation biologics aimed at improving patient adherence and therapeutic outcomes.
Beyond infectious diseases, the growing prevalence of chronic conditions such as cancer and autoimmune disorders is fueling demand for cell therapies, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and gene therapies sectors that heavily rely on microbial fermentation technology. Monoclonal antibodies, for instance, have become essential in oncology and immunology, with their market projected to witness significant growth in the coming years. Similarly, the recombinant proteins segment is expanding rapidly due to their critical role in treating metabolic disorders, hematological diseases, and rare genetic conditions.
Gene therapies, which are revolutionizing the treatment landscape for previously untreatable genetic diseases, also benefit from microbial fermentation technology through the production of viral vectors and plasmid DNA. Innovations in synthetic biology and precision fermentation are further enhancing production efficiency, product yield, and quality, thereby supporting the development of more sophisticated and targeted therapies.
Despite these growth drivers, the market faces challenges. Stringent regulatory approval processes, the complexity of developing high-yield microbial strains with stable expression of therapeutic proteins, and scalability issues pose significant hurdles. Ensuring consistent quality and efficacy in large-scale production remains a key area requiring technological advancement and process optimization.
Nevertheless, the interplay of rising disease prevalence, increasing demand for biopharmaceuticals, and technological innovations in microbial fermentation is expected to propel the market significantly during the forecast period (2025-2032), with continuous investments in R&D likely to overcome existing challenges and further expand market potential.
Microbial Fermentation Technology Market Segment Analysis:
Microbial Fermentation Technology Market by Product Type (Antibiotics, Probiotics, Monoclonal Antibodies, Biosimilar, Recombinant Proteins & Vaccines, Enzymes, and Others), End-User (Pharmaceutical & Biotechnology Industry, Contract Research Organizations (CROs), CMOs & CDMOs, and Academic & Research Institutions), and Geography (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Rest of the World)
In the product type segment of the microbial fermentation technology market, the antibiotics category is projected to hold the largest revenue share in 2024. This dominance is primarily driven by the increasing global demand for antibiotics in healthcare, rising concerns over antimicrobial resistance (AMR), advancements in fermentation technologies, and substantial government and institutional funding for research and development (R&D).
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), bacterial infections continue to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with lower respiratory infections ranking among the top causes of death. This escalating health burden fuels the demand for fermentation-derived antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and macrolides. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) further reports that at least 1.27 million people die annually from antibiotic-resistant infections. This alarming statistic has prompted pharmaceutical companies to expedite the development of next-generation antibiotics, leveraging microbial fermentation, particularly from actinomycetes (e.g., Streptomyces) and fungi (e.g., Penicillium).
Technological innovations are further catalyzing market growth. Advances in bioprocess optimization, AI-driven bioreactors, genome editing technologies (such as CRISPR-Cas9), and synthetic biology have significantly enhanced the yield, purity, and cost-effectiveness of antibiotic production. Major pharmaceutical players including Lonza, Pfizer, and Novartis have heavily invested in automated microbial fermentation platforms, enabling more efficient large-scale production while ensuring profitability.
Global health initiatives and regulatory bodies are also playing a crucial role in strengthening the antibiotics market. Organizations such as the Global Antibiotic Research & Development Partnership (GARDP), the U.S. Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), and the European Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) are actively providing funding and support to accelerate antibiotic R&D. These efforts are vital in addressing the AMR crisis and ensuring the availability of effective antimicrobial therapies.
Given the convergence of rising infectious disease prevalence, increasing AMR challenges, technological advancements, and strong governmental and institutional backing, the antibiotics category is poised for considerable growth. This upward trend is expected to significantly contribute to the overall expansion of the microbial fermentation technology market during the forecast period (2025-2032).
North America is expected to dominate the overall microbial fermentation technology market:
North America is anticipated to dominate the microbial fermentation technology market during the forecast period (2025-2032). This regional leadership is attributed to several factors, including the rising burden of infectious diseases (such as tuberculosis, influenza, and emerging pathogens), increasing cancer prevalence, robust product development activities, the presence of key manufacturers, and a well-established healthcare infrastructure.
According to the Public Health Agency of Canada (2024), there were 1,971 active tuberculosis cases in Canada in 2022. The growing burden of infectious diseases in the region has driven the demand for fermentation-derived antibiotics and vaccines. Notably, rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has intensified investments in next-generation antibiotics and biopharmaceuticals, positioning fermentation-based vaccine production as a vital tool for outbreak control. This heightened need for effective therapies has spurred advancements in microbial fermentation technologies.
Cancer prevalence in North America further fuels market growth. The National Cancer Institute (2024) estimates that 2 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed in the U.S. by the end of 2024. Additionally, data from the Global Cancer Observatory (2024) reveals that in 2022, the U.S. accounted for 89.1% of all regional cancer cases, while Canada represented 10.9%. This rising cancer burden has amplified the demand for microbial fermentation technologies used in producing biopharmaceuticals, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and gene therapies. The increased use of plasmid DNA, viral vectors, and microbiome-based treatments particularly in oncology is driving fermentation-based biomanufacturing. As precision medicine and immunotherapies gain traction, the reliance on fermentation technology for scalable, high-quality production of advanced therapeutics continues to grow.
Moreover, North America benefits from the presence of major market players actively advancing microbial fermentation technologies. Leading companies in the region are leveraging innovations in bioprocess optimization, AI-driven bioreactors, and synthetic biology to improve product yield, quality, and cost-effectiveness. The availability of a well-established healthcare infrastructure, coupled with strong regulatory support and government funding, further accelerates the research, development, and commercialization of fermentation-derived products.
Collectively, these factors create a highly conducive environment for market growth, positioning North America as the leading region in the microbial fermentation technology market throughout the forecast period (2025-2032).
Microbial Fermentation Technology Market key players:
Some of the key market players operating in the microbial fermentation technology market include Novozymes A/S, Lonza Group AG, Koninklijke DSM N.V., Biocon Limited, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Evonik Industries AG, Intralytix, Inc., UAS Laboratories LLC, Second Genome, Inc., Chr. Hansen Holding A/S, Ginkgo Bioworks, Amyris, Inc., Lesaffre, BioVectra Inc.TerraVia Holdings, Inc., and others.
Recent Developmental Activities in the Microbial Fermentation Technology Market:
Key Takeaways from the Microbial Fermentation Technology Market Report Study
Target audience who can be benefited from this Microbial Fermentation Technology Market Report Study
Frequently Asked Questions for the Microbial Fermentation Technology Market: