Electric Scooter Motor Market by Vehicle (E-Scooter/Moped, E-Motorcycle), Positioning (Hub and Mid-drive), Motor Power, Drive Type (Chain and Belt), Motor Type (PMSM and BLDC), Component & Region - Global Forecast to 2030
The global electric vehicles market is projected to grow from USD 416.0 Million in 2024 to USD 1,201.2 Million by 2030, registering a CAGR of 19.3%. Electric scooter motor market is on a high growth rate driven by a number of factors. The growing market of electric two-wheelers as an environment-friendly and cost-effective mode of transport is the major factor boosting the demand for these motors. Moreover, innovations in motor technology, including the enhancements of efficiency and power output are increasing the attractiveness of scooters among potential consumers. Government interventions in form of incentives and policies promoting electric vehicles are also impacting the growth of the market positively. In addition, the increased urbanization have made it necessary to seek for more efficient and environmentally friendly means of transport hence raising the need of electric scooter motors.
Scope of the Report
Years Considered for the Study
2019-2030
Base Year
2024
Forecast Period
2024-2030
Units Considered
Volume (Thousand Units) and Value (USD Million)
Segments
By Vehicle Type, Drive Type, Motor Type, Motor Power, Positioning, Component and Region
Regions covered
Asia Pacific, Europe and North America
"Sustainable and convenient alternative to traditional gasoline-powered vehicles"
Electric scooters and mopeds are becoming popular in the urban mobility category as an environmentally-friendly and easy way of travel as compared to gasoline-fueled vehicles. These fast two wheeled machines are enhanced with electric motors meaning that they do not use gas hence reducing harmful gases emissions making them eco friendly means of transport for city residents. Yadea (China), NIU (China), Jiangsu Xinri Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. (China), Ola Electric (India), Hero Electric (India); Gogoro (Taiwan), Okinawa (Japan), Silence (Spain), GOVECS (Germany), and Askoll (Italy) are the global key players of the interest segment. Each of these enterprises has introduced a range of models of electric scooters/mopeds so as to satisfy the various needs that may exist in the market. In February 2024, Ola Electric launched a new scooter, the Ola 51X (4kWh), in India. The scooter, equipped with a 6 kW motor, offers a driving range of 190 km on a single charge. In January 2023, the company launched Voltguard, an electric scooter powered by an ATL lithium battery pack (72 V 27 Ah*2). The increasing rate of urbanization, the presence of market leaders, highly energy-efficient commuting, and reduced costs of electric mopeds are contributing to the growth of the segment in the region. Renowned e-scooter/moped manufacturers like Yadea, NIU, Jiangsu Xinri, Luyuan, Hero Electric, Gogoro, Vmoto and Okinawa are focused on expanding their market presence globally. in September 2023, Vmoto Limited signed a construction agreement to build 32,8562 manufacturing facilities (Stage 2 Manufacturing Facilities) at its recently acquired industrial land in the Lishui Economic Development Zone in Nanjing, China. In March 2023, Hero Electric announced plans to increase its production capacity to 5 lakh units and to meet market demand in the next two to three years with a new facility in Rajasthan, India. The company also plans to set up a greenfield plant in Rajasthan with an annual production capacity of 20 lakh units.
"Demand for higher performance models to support market growth"
The output power of the motors used in medium power electric scooters is between 1.5 kW and 3 kW. This power range is adequate, as it neither compromises performance nor conserves too much energy. This therefore allows more capacity for the users without economic strain. Scooters fitted with these motors are efficient enough to traverse both urban landscape and the inter-suburban roads enabling the users to conduct their normal activities without worrying about the means of transport. Motor manufacturers, which produce electric scooter motors rated 1.5-3 kW such as Robert Bosch GmbH (Germany), QS Motor Ltd (China) and others. Vmoto (Australia) features the F01 which is a 2.4 kW electric motor power. It comes in two forms the L1 that has kW engine power of 2.0 and the L3 type having 3.5 kW engine power. Gogoro (Taiwan) offers the Gogoro CrossOver GX250 electric scooter with a 2.5 kW direct drive motor that can reach a speed of over 60 kmph and has a range of 111 km. In April 2024, Ola Electric (India) launched the S1 X range of scooters with a motor power of 2.7 kW. Moreover, Greaves Electric Mobility Private Limited (India), Yadea Technology Group Co., Ltd. (China), and Niu International (China) have on offer 2.1 kW powered Ampere Magnus EX, 2.0 kW powered Yadea E8S and 3.5 kW powered NQIGT S, respectively. Electric scooter motors rated between 1.5 kWh and 3 kWh provide a reasonable compromise of price, performance and range which makes them appealing to those living in the cities and the urban outskirts who are practical and somewhat active.
"High efficiency and torque to drive market"
PMSM comprises a permanent magnet as a rotor and a stator with a coil wound. The working principle of PMSM is the same as that of a synchronous motor: when stator windings are energized, a rotating magnetic field is produced, and the created rotor is affected by this force and starts rotating at synchronous speed. PMSM has a greater power density enabling reduction in motor size. Moreover, PMSMs afford best control and stability which makes them highly appropriate in urban commuting scenarios, where accurate control is of the essence. As well as automotive, Linear Labs (USA) and Enedym (Canada) are OEMs engaged in research, designing and manufacturing highly efficient electric motors for various sectors. The HET Light Series is a series of electric motors developed by Linear Labs that is intended to offer lightweight and high-performance motor drive systems for light electric vehicles (LEVs), autonomous robots, light electric motorcycles, recreational vehicles, golf carts, mopeds, e-bikes, e-scooters, as well as industrial uses. The presence of electric scooter and motorcycle manufacturers in the region, such as Damon Motors (Canada), Harley Davidson (US), Lightning Motorcycles (US), and Z Electric Vehicle (ZEV) (US) are also supporting the growth of PMSM segment of the electric scooter motor market.
"Increasing production of vehicles with in-wheel electric motors to drive market"
A hub motor is an electric motor mounted on the wheel that generates power for the wheels directly. It is used in electric two-wheelers, such as electric scooters and motorcycles. Hub motors share the vehicle strain between the front and rear wheels. They eliminate the need for transmission, as they are compact enough to be integrated into the wheel hub, which it powers directly. QS Motor (China), Schaeffler Technologies (Germany), Elaphe LTD (Slovenia), Michelin (France), Jiashan Neopower International Trade (China), Robert Bosch GmbH (Germany), Accell Group N.V. (Netherlands), Cutler MAC (Shanghai) Brushless Motor Co. Ltd (China), Heinzmann GmbH & Co. KG: (Germany), and NIDEC CORPORATION (Japan) are some of the leading suppliers of hub motors to electric two-wheeler manufacturers. These companies are expanding the manufacturing of hub motors to cater to the market demand. In September 2023, September 2023, NIDEC CORPORATION (Japan), a subsidiary of NIDEC Industrial Automation India Private Limited, integrated a new factory campus in Karnataka, India. The campus manufactured a wide range of motors, generators, drives, and system solutions. Automotive OEMs are also venturing into new models that incorporate hub motors. Bajaj (India) intends to launch an upgraded version of its scooter Bajaj Chetak with a bigger battery, which will comprise an economical version as well with a wheel hub motor.
In-depth interviews were conducted with CEOs, marketing directors, other innovation and technology directors, and executives from various key organizations operating in this market.
By Company Type: OEMs - 35%, Tier I - 25%, Tier II- 40%,
By Designation: CXOs - 25%, Managers- 30%, Executives- 45%
By Region: North America- 15%, Europe - 20%, Asia Pacific- 65%
The electric scooter motor market is dominated by global players such as Robert Bosch GmbH (Germany), QS Motor Ltd (China), Lucas TVS Limited (India), Ola Electric Mobility Pvt. Ltd. (India), and MAHLE GmbH (Germany). These companies develop and manufacture new electric scooter motor for e2w market. For instance, in November 2023, Bosch, at EICMA 2023 in Milan, launched an integrated 6 kW electric motor to enable manufacturers to electrify two-wheeler segments. The production will start in 2025. Additionally, in July 2023, SiAecosys launched Hairpin Motor SIA155-48 5000W 18KW, with a power of 5 kW for electric motorcycles and ATVs.
Research Coverage:
The market study covers the electric scooter motor market size and future growth potential across different segments by component, vehicle type, motor power, motor type, positioning, drive type and region. The study also includes an in-depth competitive analysis of the key players in the market, along with their company profiles, key observations related to product and business offerings, recent developments, and key market strategies.
Key Benefits of the Report
The report will help market leaders/new entrants in this market with information on the closest approximations of revenue numbers for the overall electric scooter motor market and its subsegments.
This report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to better position their businesses and plan suitable go-to-market strategies.
The report also helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the market and provides them information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
The report provides insights on the following pointers:
Analysis of key drivers (increasing sales of electric scooters and motorcycles, advancements in motor technology), restraints (volatile supply chain, limited range of electric scooters and motorcycles), opportunities (developing high-performance motors for sports and premium electric two-wheelers, advancements in thermal management system for motors), and challenges (low efficiency of electric hub motors, increase in consumer prices for electric two-wheelers)
Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights on upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and new product & service launches in the electric scooter motor market
Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets - the report analyses the electric scooter motor market across varied regions.
Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products & services, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the electric scooter motor market
Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies and service offerings of leading players like Robert Bosch GmbH (Germany), QS Motor Ltd (China), Lucas TVS Limited (India), Ola Electric Mobility Pvt. Ltd. (India), MAHLE GmbH (Germany), and among others in the electric scooter motor market.
Strategies: The report also helps stakeholders understand the pulse of the electric scooter motor market and provides them information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
1.2.1 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS
1.3 STUDY SCOPE
1.3.1 YEARS CONSIDERED
1.4 CURRENCY CONSIDERED
1.5 UNITS CONSIDERED
1.6 STAKEHOLDERS
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 RESEARCH DATA
2.1.1 SECONDARY DATA
2.1.1.1 Key data from secondary sources
2.1.1.2 List of secondary sources
2.1.2 PRIMARY DATA
2.1.2.1 Breakdown of primary interviews
2.1.2.2 List of primary interview participants
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION
2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
2.3 DATA TRIANGULATION
2.4 FACTOR ANALYSIS
2.4.1 FACTOR ANALYSIS FOR MARKET SIZING: DEMAND AND SUPPLY SIDES
2.5 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS
2.6 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
2.7 RISK ASSESSMENT
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS
4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET
4.2 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY REGION
4.3 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE
4.4 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY MOTOR TYPE
4.5 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY POSITIONING
4.6 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY MOTOR POWER
4.7 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY DRIVE TYPE
5 MARKET OVERVIEW
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
5.2.1 DRIVERS
5.2.1.1 Increasing sales of electric scooters and motorcycles
5.2.1.2 Advancements in motor technology
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
5.2.2.1 Volatile supply chain
5.2.2.2 Limited range of electric scooters and motorcycles
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
5.2.3.1 Developing high-performance motors for sports and premium electric two-wheelers
5.2.3.2 Advancement of thermal management system for motors
5.2.4 CHALLENGES
5.2.4.1 Low efficiency of electric hub motors
5.2.4.2 Increase in consumer prices for electric two-wheelers
5.3 TRENDS AND DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS
5.4 PRICING ANALYSIS
5.4.1 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTORS, BY VEHICLE TYPE
5.4.2 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTORS, BY REGION
5.5 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
5.5.1 RAW MATERIAL PROVIDERS
5.5.2 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MANUFACTURERS
5.5.3 OEMS
5.6 SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS
5.7 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA
5.7.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS
5.7.2 BUYING CRITERIA
5.8 IMPACT OF AI/GENERATIVE AI
5.8.1 IMPACT OF AI/GENERATIVE AI ON ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET
5.9 KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS IN 2024-2025
5.10 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS
5.10.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES
5.10.1.1 Integrated motors with BMS and controller
5.10.2 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES
5.10.2.1 Vehicle control unit in electric motors
5.10.3 ADJACENT TECHNOLOGIES
5.10.3.1 Advancement in battery technologies impacting design and performance of electric scooter motors
5.10.3.2 Sensor technology
5.11 INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO
5.12 PATENT ANALYSIS
5.13 TRADE ANALYSIS
5.14 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
5.14.1 INTEGRATION OF ELECTRIC SCOOTER WITH MOBILE APP
5.14.2 HERO ELECTRIC PARTNERED WITH EBIKEGO TO TRANSFORM LAST-MILE DELIVERIES
5.14.3 ZYPP ELECTRIC TO USE HERO ELECTRIC BIKES TO ELECTRIFY 100% LAST-MILE DELIVERY BY 2025
5.15 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
5.15.1 INDIA
5.15.2 THAILAND
5.15.3 VIETNAM
5.15.4 LIST OF REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
6 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY VEHICLE TYPE
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
6.2 E-SCOOTER/MOPED
6.2.1 SUSTAINABLE AND CONVENIENT ALTERNATIVE TO TRADITIONAL GASOLINE-POWERED VEHICLES
6.3 E-MOTORCYCLE
6.3.1 LOWER OPERATING COSTS AND REDUCED MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS TO DRIVE MARKET
6.4 KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS
7 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY COMPONENT
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 ROTOR
7.3 STATOR
7.4 SHAFT
7.5 OTHERS
8 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY DRIVE TYPE
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
8.2 CHAIN DRIVE
8.2.1 ROBUST PERFORMANCE AND HIGHER TORQUE TO DRIVE MARKET
8.3 BELT DRIVE
8.3.1 LOW MAINTENANCE AND DURABILITY TO SUPPORT MARKET GROWTH
8.4 KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS
9 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY MOTOR POWER
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
9.2 LESS THAN 1.5 KW
9.2.1 GROWING DEMAND FOR LOW-POWERED AND LIGHTWEIGHT MODELS TO DRIVE MARKET
9.3 1.5-3 KW
9.3.1 DEMAND FOR HIGHER PERFORMANCE MODELS TO SUPPORT MARKET GROWTH
9.4 ABOVE 3 KW
9.4.1 INCREASING DEMAND FOR HIGH ACCELERATION VEHICLES TO DRIVE MARKET
9.5 KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS
10 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY MOTOR TYPE
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
10.2 PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR (PMSM)
10.2.1 HIGH EFFICIENCY AND TORQUE TO DRIVE MARKET
10.3 BRUSHLESS DIRECT CURRENT (BLDC)
10.3.1 LOW MAINTENANCE COST TO DRIVE MARKET
10.4 KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS
11 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY POSITIONING
11.1 INTRODUCTION
11.1.1 OPERATIONAL DATA
11.2 MID-DRIVE MOTOR
11.2.1 HIGH TORQUE ADVANTAGE TO DRIVE MARKET
11.3 HUB MOTOR
11.3.1 INCREASING PRODUCTION OF VEHICLES WITH IN-WHEEL ELECTRIC MOTORS TO DRIVE MARKET
11.4 KEY PRIMARY INSIGHTS
12 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET, BY REGION
12.1 INTRODUCTION
12.2 ASIA PACIFIC
12.2.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
12.2.2 CHINA
12.2.2.1 Presence of key e-scooter manufacturers to support market growth
12.2.3 JAPAN
12.2.3.1 Development of advanced electric motors to drive market
12.2.4 INDIA
12.2.4.1 Expansion of manufacturing facilities to boost market
12.2.5 SOUTH KOREA
12.2.5.1 New vehicle models by domestic manufacturers with different motor specifications to support market growth
12.2.6 TAIWAN
12.2.6.1 In-house manufacturing of electric motors to drive market
12.2.7 THAILAND
12.2.7.1 In-house innovation to drive growth
12.2.8 INDONESIA
12.2.8.1 Government support for electrification of two-wheelers to boost market
12.2.9 MALAYSIA
12.2.9.1 Government support in adoption of electric two-wheelers to drive growth
12.2.10 PHILIPPINES
12.2.10.1 Growing EV ecosystem to drive growth
12.2.11 VIETNAM
12.2.11.1 Partnership of OEMs with key electric two-wheeler manufacturers to drive market
12.3 EUROPE
12.3.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
12.3.2 FRANCE
12.3.2.1 Government incentives for electric vehicles to drive market
12.3.3 GERMANY
12.3.3.1 Product launches by local players to drive market
12.3.4 SPAIN
12.3.4.1 Presence of key electric scooter and motorcycle manufacturers to drive market
12.3.5 AUSTRIA
12.3.5.1 Introduction of new electric two-wheeler models with various motor specifications to drive market
12.3.6 UK
12.3.6.1 Availability of various electric motor models for electric two-wheelers to drive market
12.3.7 ITALY
12.3.7.1 Increasing presence of key electric two-wheeler manufacturers to drive growth
12.3.8 BELGIUM
12.3.8.1 Strong government support to promote electric two-wheelers to drive growth
12.3.9 NETHERLANDS
12.3.9.1 Robust EV ecosystem and commitment to sustainable urban mobility to drive market
12.3.10 POLAND
12.3.10.1 Increase in green commuting to drive market
12.3.11 DENMARK
12.3.11.1 Innovation culture and strong R&D to drive growth
12.4 NORTH AMERICA
12.4.1 MACROECONOMIC OUTLOOK
12.4.2 US
12.4.2.1 Key market players offering vehicles with advanced electric motors to drive market
12.4.3 CANADA
12.4.3.1 Advancement in motor technologies to drive market
13 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
13.1 OVERVIEW
13.2 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2023
13.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS, 2019-2023
13.4 COMPANY VALUATION AND FINANCIAL METRICS
13.4.1 COMPANY VALUATION
13.4.2 FINANCIAL METRICS
13.5 BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON
13.6 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO
13.6.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES AND DEVELOPMENTS
13.6.2 DEALS
13.6.3 EXPANSIONS
13.6.4 OTHERS
13.7 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2023
13.7.1 STARS
13.7.2 EMERGING LEADERS
13.7.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
13.7.4 PARTICIPANTS
13.7.5 COMPANY FOOTPRINT
13.8 ELECTRIC SCOOTER MOTOR MARKET: STARTUP/SME EVALUATION MATRIX, 2023
13.8.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
13.8.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
13.8.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
13.8.4 STARTING BLOCKS
13.8.5 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING
14 COMPANY PROFILES
14.1 KEY PLAYERS
14.1.1 ROBERT BOSCH GMBH
14.1.1.1 Business overview
14.1.1.2 Products offered
14.1.1.3 Recent developments
14.1.1.4 MnM view
14.1.1.4.1 Key strengths
14.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices
14.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
14.1.2 QS MOTOR LTD
14.1.2.1 Business overview
14.1.2.2 Products offered
14.1.2.3 Recent developments
14.1.2.4 MnM view
14.1.2.4.1 Key strengths
14.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices
14.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
14.1.3 LUCAS TVS LIMITED
14.1.3.1 Business overview
14.1.3.2 Products offered
14.1.3.3 Recent developments
14.1.3.4 MnM view
14.1.3.4.1 Key strengths
14.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices
14.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
14.1.4 OLA ELECTRIC MOBILITY PVT. LTD.
14.1.4.1 Business overview
14.1.4.2 Products offered
14.1.4.3 Recent developments
14.1.4.4 MnM view
14.1.4.4.1 Key strengths
14.1.4.4.2 Strategic choices
14.1.4.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
14.1.5 MAHLE GMBH
14.1.5.1 Business overview
14.1.5.2 Products offered
14.1.5.3 Recent developments
14.1.5.4 MnM view
14.1.5.4.1 Key strengths
14.1.5.4.2 Strategic choices
14.1.5.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
14.1.6 ATHER ENERGY
14.1.6.1 Business overview
14.1.6.2 Products offered
14.1.7 VITESCO TECHNOLOGIES GMBH
14.1.7.1 Business overview
14.1.7.2 Products offered
14.1.7.3 Recent developments
14.1.8 NIDEC CORPORATION
14.1.8.1 Business overview
14.1.8.2 Products offered
14.1.8.3 Recent developments
14.1.9 GEM MOTORS D.O.O.
14.1.9.1 Business overview
14.1.9.2 Products offered
14.1.9.3 Recent developments
14.1.10 FLASH ELECTRONICS INDIA PVT LTD
14.1.10.1 Business overview
14.1.10.2 Products offered
14.1.10.3 Recent developments
14.1.11 SAIETTA ELECTRIC DRIVE
14.1.11.1 Business overview
14.1.11.2 Products offered
14.1.12 EVR MOTORS
14.1.12.1 Business overview
14.1.12.2 Products offered
14.1.12.3 Recent developments
14.1.13 VARROC ENGINEERING LIMITED
14.1.13.1 Business overview
14.1.13.2 Products offered
14.2 OTHER KEY PLAYERS
14.2.1 FIEM INDUSTRIES LIMITED
14.2.2 WEBER DRIVETRAIN
14.2.3 LINEAR LABS, INC.
14.2.4 ENEDYM
14.2.5 TSUYO
14.2.6 SEG AUTOMOTIVE
14.2.7 PHYSICS MOTORS
14.2.8 BROSE FAHRZEUGTEILE SE & CO.
14.2.9 PANASONIC HOLDINGS CORPORATION
14.2.10 PLUG N RIDE MOTORS PVT. LTD.
14.2.11 QUANTEON POWERTRAIN
14.3 KEY ELECTRIC SCOOTER AND MOTORCYCLE MANUFACTURERS