한글목차

세계 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장은 세제 및 세정제, 퍼스널케어, 유전용 화학제품, 섬유 및 가죽, 페인트 및 코팅 시장에서 유망한 시장으로 성장할 것으로 예상됩니다. 세계 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장은 2025년부터 2031년까지 4.2%의 CAGR로 2031년까지 약 137억 달러에 달할 것으로 예상됩니다. 이 시장의 주요 촉진요인은 가처분 소득 증가, 인구 증가, 도시화에 따른 세제 및 관련 상품 수요 증가, 식품 및 개인 건강 용품의 증가, 음이온 계면활성제 수요 증가 등입니다.

• Lucintel에 따르면, 제품 유형별로는 우수한 용해성, 강한 세정력, 높은 생분해성을 가진 계면활성제에 대한 수요 증가로 인해 LAS가 예측 기간 동안 가장 큰 부문을 유지할 것으로 예측했습니다.
• 지역별로는 아시아태평양이 퍼스널케어 및 세제 산업의 확대, 중국 및 인도와 같은 신흥 경제국의 급속한 발전과 현재의 노력으로 인해 예측 기간 동안 가장 높은 성장을 보일 것으로 예상됩니다.

SLS, SLES, LAS 시장의 전략적 성장 기회

중요한 응용 분야에는 몇 가지 전략적 성장 기회가 존재하며, 이러한 기회를 활용하면 이 틈새 시장에서의 입지를 최적화하고 향후 매출 성장률을 높일 수 있습니다.

• 퍼스널케어 제품의 성장 : 퍼스널케어 업계는 안전성 프로파일이 개선된 순한 세정력을 가진 계면활성제를 찾고 있습니다. 이 기회는 지금까지 미개척 분야였던 퍼스널케어 산업의 다른 분야로 제품 처방과 시장 확대의 잠재력을 확대할 수 있는 기회입니다.
• 가정용 세정 제품으로의 확장 : 계면활성제는 가정용 세정 제품 분야에서 성능과 환경 보호의 균형을 맞출 필요가 있습니다. 이 기회는 시장 성장을 촉진하는 동시에 고급 배합의 진화를 가능하게 합니다.
• 산업 분야에서의 혁신 : 금속 세정 및 오일 회수 등 산업 분야는 특수한 성능 특성을 가진 계면활성제를 필요로 합니다. 이 기회는 독특한 솔루션을 창출하고 시장 부문을 다양화할 수 있는 기회를 제공합니다.
• 지속가능한 제품에 집중 : 다양한 환경 기준을 준수하는 지속가능한 계면활성제 개발은 큰 잠재력을 가지고 있습니다. 세계 트렌드와 규제 요건에 부합하면 제품의 매력과 시장성을 높일 수 있습니다.
• 신흥 지역 시장 침투 : 소비와 산업 활동을 포함한 경제 활동이 활발해지면서 신흥국에서는 계면활성제에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있습니다. 이는 신흥국 시장 진출 가능성과 함께 수익원을 확대할 수 있는 길을 열어줍니다.

퍼스널케어, 가정용 세정, 산업용, 지속가능성, 신흥 시장에서의 전략적 성장 기회가 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장을 형성하고 있습니다. 이러한 기회를 활용함으로써 이해관계자들은 기술 혁신을 촉진하고 시장 범위를 확대하며 지속가능한 성장을 달성할 수 있습니다.

SLS, SLES, LAS 시장의 촉진요인 및 과제

기술 발전, 경제 상황, 규제 요인은 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장의 촉진요인 및 과제 중 하나입니다. 이러한 측면은 생산능력, 시장 수요, 일반적인 산업 역학에 영향을 미칩니다.

SLS, SLES, LAS 시장을 견인하는 요인은 다음과 같습니다:

• 친환경 제품에 대한 수요 증가 : 친환경 제품에 대한 수요 증가 : 이 요인은 제조업체가 기술 혁신을 통해 보다 지속가능한 SLS, SLES, LAS 제제를 생산하도록 유도합니다. 이는 제품 개발뿐만 아니라 세계 지속가능성 트렌드에 따라 시장에서의 포지셔닝에도 영향을 미칩니다.
• 생산 기술 발전 : 기술 발전은 생산 공정과 제품 특성을 개선하고 시장 성장과 경쟁력을 지원합니다. 새로운 제형의 개발은 제조 능력을 향상시킵니다.
• 신흥 시장에서의 확장 : SLS, SLES, LAS 제조업체에게 신흥 시장은 성장의 기회입니다. 이러한 촉진요인으로 인해 시장이 성장하고 전 세계적으로 시장이 확대됨에 따라 계면활성제에 대한 수요가 증가합니다.
• 지속가능한 관행에 대한 규제 지원 : 지지적인 규제는 보다 환경 친화적인 계면활성제 제형의 채택을 촉진합니다. 따라서 이 요인은 규정 준수를 보장하고, 시장 수용을 촉진하며, 제품 개발 및 규제 전략에 영향을 미칩니다.
• 퍼스널케어 및 가정용 제품에 대한 관심 증가 : 효과적인 계면활성제에 대한 요구는 이 분야의 수요 증가로 인해 발생합니다. 이러한 원동력으로 인한 성장은 변화하는 고객 니즈에 대응하는 제품 혁신의 개선이 중심이 될 것입니다.

SLS, SLES, LAS 시장의 과제는 다음과 같습니다:

• 규제 준수 비용 : 규제 준수를 위한 비용 : 규제 준수를 위한 비용은 운영 비용을 증가시키고 수익성에 영향을 미칩니다. 따라서 제조업체는 규제 전략에 투자하여 표준에 부합하는 재제조가 가능하도록 해야 합니다.
• 원자재 가격의 경제적 불안정성 : 가격 변동은 생산 비용과 가격 전략에 영향을 미칩니다. 효과적인 공급망 관리 및 비용 관리 조치를 시행하여 기업이 수익성 높은 제품을 생산할 수 있도록 해야 합니다.
• 대체 계면활성제와의 경쟁 : 시장 점유율과 수익성은 대체 계면활성제의 경쟁 압력에 영향을 받을 수 있습니다. 이러한 도전은 시장에서 존재감을 유지하기 위한 끊임없는 혁신과 차별화를 요구합니다.

친환경 제품에 대한 소비자의 선호, 기술 발전, 새로운 시장 기회가 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장을 주도하고 있습니다. 그러나 법규 준수가 가져오는 운영 비용도 회사가 해결해야 할 문제입니다. 이러한 과제에는 규제 준수 비용, 원자재 가격 변동, 경쟁 등이 포함되며, 성능 수준을 최적화하기 위해서는 이러한 리소스를 신중하게 관리해야 합니다. 장기적인 성공을 위해 적절한 조치를 취하면서 이러한 라이프사이클을 통해 지속되고 지속되기를 원한다면 이러한 문제들을 해결해야 합니다.

목차

제1장 주요 요약

제2장 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 : 시장 역학

• 소개, 배경, 분류
• 공급망
• 업계 성장 촉진요인과 과제

제3장 시장 동향과 예측 분석(2019-2031년)

• 거시경제 동향(2019-2024년)과 예측(2025-2031년)
• 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 동향(2019-2024년)과 예측(2025-2031년)
• 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 : 제품 종류별
  • SLS
  • SLES
  • LAS
• 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 : 용도별
  • 세제·클리너
  • 퍼스널케어
  • 유전용 화학제품
  • 섬유·피혁
  • 페인트 및 코팅
  • 기타

제4장 지역별 시장 동향과 예측 분석(2019-2031년)

• 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 : 지역별
• 북미의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장
• 유럽의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장
• 아시아태평양의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장
• 기타 지역의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장

제5장 경쟁 분석

• 제품 포트폴리오 분석
• 운영 통합
• Porter's Five Forces 분석

제6장 성장 기회와 전략 분석

• 성장 기회 분석
  • 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 성장 기회 : 제품 종류별
  • 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 성장 기회 : 용도별
  • 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 성장 기회 : 지역별
• 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 최신 동향
• 전략적 분석
  • 신제품 개발
  • 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 생산능력 확대
  • 세계의 SLS, SLES, LAS 시장 기업 인수합병(M&A), 합작투자
  • 인증과 라이선싱

제7장 주요 기업 개요

• Huntsman
• Kao
• BASF SE
• Clariant
• Lion Specialty Chemicals
• Oxiteno
• Evonik
• Solvay
• Galaxy Surfactants
• Dow

영문목차

The future of the global SLS, SLES & LAS market looks promising, with opportunities in the detergent & cleaner, personal care, oilfield chemical, textile & leather, and paint & coating markets. The global SLS, SLES & LAS market is expected to reach an estimated $13.7 billion by 2031 with a CAGR of 4.2% from 2025 to 2031. The major drivers for this market are increasing demand for detergents and related goods as a result of rising disposable income, population growth, and urbanization, rise in food and personal wellness items, along with the growing demand for anionic surfactants.

• Lucintel forecasts that, within the product type category, LAS will remain the largest segment over the forecast period due to an increase in demand for surfactants with superior solubility, strong detergency, and high biodegradability.
• In terms of regions, APAC is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period due to the expansion of the personal care and detergent industries in the area, as well as the quick development of economies like China and India and current initiatives.

Gain valuable insight for your business decisions with our comprehensive 150+ page report.

Emerging Trends in the SLS, SLES, & LAS Market

The SLS, SLES, and LAS markets are changing as indicated by emerging trends that reflect evolving consumer preferences, technological advancements, and regulatory changes. These trends are reshaping the market landscape and influencing future growth.

• Increasing demand for bio-based surfactants: Due to concerns about environmental pollution as well as health matters, most consumers are choosing products with bio-based ingredients. As a result, product formulations will change, requiring the introduction of sustainable biodegradable surfactant types into the market.
• Focus on eco-friendly formulations: Manufacturers now prefer eco-friendly formulas that have a low impact on nature. This leads to improvements in green chemistry, biodegradability of SLS/SLES/LAS chemicals, and other aspects associated with their safety profiles.
• Regulatory pressure and compliance: Companies strive to reformulate their products according to safety and environmental requirements, which leads to increased regulations. These trends influence manufacturing practices and market entry strategies, demanding compliance with global and regional guidelines.
• Technological advancements in production: Improvements in manufacturing processes through new technology raise product quality and facilitate productive efficiency. This trend encourages innovation in surfactants and competition among market players.
• Shifts in consumer preferences: There is an increasing demand for milder, non-irritating surfactants with multiple benefits. This shift drives new economy formulations and affects the development of SLS, SLES, and LAS variants.

These emerging trends are shaping the future of the SLS, SLES, and LAS market by driving sustainable product demands, enhancing regulatory compliance, and enabling technological advancements. The focus on eco-friendly formulations combined with consumer preferences is affecting market dynamics, which will shape future growth.

Recent Developments in the SLS, SLES & LAS Market

Recent developments in the SLS, SLES, and LAS markets point to advances in production technology, regulatory compliance, and changing consumer tastes. These developments have changed the way markets work forever.

• Advances in eco-friendly production: Transitioning from environmentally unsustainable methods to eco-friendly ones prevents the degradation of ecosystems while aligning with legal requirements. This move enables more sustainable products that lower the overall ecological impact of surfactant manufacture.
• Innovations in surfactant formulations: Innovations in how surfactants are formulated improve product efficacy along with its risk profile. This change brings about a response to increased consumer demand for less irritating and multifunctional products, thus affecting the market offering.
• Expansion of production capacities: When new markets arise or expand, manufacturers can expand their operations with such advantages as a guaranteed supply of SLS, SLES, and LAS. This development helps manufacturers meet the growing demand from various industrial and consumer applications.
• Regulatory compliance initiatives: More stringent regulations force companies to reformulate their products and adopt safer and more environmentally friendly practices. This move guarantees compliance while boosting the acceptance of surfactants in regulated areas across the globe.
• Market growth in emerging economies: Developing countries are experiencing a rapid escalation in demand for SLS, SLES, and LAS due to increased industrialization and expanding consumer bases. This change presents an opportunity for expansion into untapped markets and international growth.

Recent developments have greatly influenced the direction of the SLS, SLES, and LAS markets as they advanced production technology, improved product formulations, and expanded market coverage areas. These changes will shape future trends in the industry, leading to growth opportunities.

Strategic Growth Opportunities for SLS, SLES & LAS Market

Several strategic growth opportunities exist within vital applications, across which one can optimize his or her position in this niche by capitalizing on these prospects, thus driving future sales growth rates.

• Growth in personal care products: The personal care industry is searching for gentle cleansing surfactants that offer improved safety profiles. This opportunity pushes the envelope for product formulations and market expansion in other areas of the personal care industry that were previously unexplored.
• Expansion into household cleaning products: Surfactants need to balance performance with environmental concerns in the household cleaning products sector. This opportunity enables evolving advanced formulations while driving market growth.
• Innovations in industrial applications: For applications such as metal cleaning and oil recovery, the industrial sector needs surfactants with specific performance characteristics. This opportunity calls for the creation of unique solutions and the diversification of market segments.
• Focus on sustainable products: There is significant potential to develop sustainable surfactants that are compliant with various environmental standards. This alignment with global trends and regulatory requirements increases the attractiveness and marketability of products.
• Market penetration in emerging regions: As a result of increased economic activities, including both consumer and industrial ones, there is a growing demand for surfactants in emerging economies. It opens up avenues that may increase revenue streams as well as the possibility to expand into new markets within developing countries.

Strategic growth opportunities in personal care, household cleaning, industrial applications, sustainability, and emerging markets are shaping the SLS, SLES, and LAS markets. By capitalizing on these opportunities, stakeholders can drive innovation, expand market reach, and achieve sustained growth.

SLS, SLES & LAS Market Drivers and Challenges

Technological advancements, economic conditions, and regulatory factors are among the drivers and challenges of the SLS, SLES, and LAS markets. These aspects affect production capacity, market demand, and general industry dynamics.

The factors responsible for driving the SLS, SLES, and LAS market include:

• Growing demand for eco-friendly products: This driver forces manufacturers to innovate and produce more sustainable SLS, SLES, and LAS formulations. It affects product development as well as positioning in the market, consistent with worldwide sustainability trends.
• Technological advancements in production: Technological advancements improve production processes and product characteristics, thereby supporting market growth and competitiveness. New formulations can be developed due to this driver, which, in turn, boosts manufacturing capabilities.
• Expansion in emerging markets: For SLS, SLES, and LAS manufacturers, emerging markets provide an opportunity for growth. This driver allows market growth, leading to a wider scope across the globe, hence increasing demand for surfactants.
• Regulatory support for sustainable practices: Supportive regulations promote the adoption of greener surfactant formulations; thus, this driver ensures compliance, facilitating acceptance into the market and influencing product development and regulatory strategies.
• Increased focus on personal care and household products: The need for effective surfactants is driven by increased demand within these sectors. Growth associated with this driver will center around improved product innovation that addresses changing customer needs.

Challenges in the SLS, SLES, and LAS market are:

• Regulatory compliance costs: Compliance costs can inflate operational expenses, affecting profitability. Hence, manufacturers must invest in regulatory strategies, enabling reformulations that meet standards.
• Economic instability of raw material prices: Price volatility affects production costs and pricing strategies. Effective supply chain management and cost control measures need to be in place to ensure that businesses can make their products profitably.
• Competing with alternative surfactants: Market share and profitability can be influenced by competitive pressures from alternative surfactants. This challenge necessitates constant innovation and differentiation to remain relevant in the market.

Consumer preferences for green products, advances in technology, and new market opportunities drive the SLS, SLES, and LAS markets. However, the running costs brought about by regulatory compliance are a problem the company must deal with as well. These challenges include regulatory compliance costs, price volatility for raw materials, and competition, which demand careful management of these resources to optimize performance levels. These issues need to be addressed if there is any desire for continuation and sustainability throughout these life cycles while taking the appropriate steps towards long-term success.

List of SLS, SLES, & LAS Companies

Companies in the market compete based on product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. With these strategies, SLS, SLES & LAS companies cater to increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the SLS, SLES & LAS companies profiled in this report include-

• Huntsman
• Kao
• BASF SE
• Clariant
• Lion Specialty Chemicals
• Oxiteno
• Evonik
• Solvay
• Galaxy Surfactants
• Dow

SLS, SLES, & LAS by Segment

The study includes a forecast for the global SLS, SLES & LAS market by product type, application, and region.

SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Product Type [Analysis by Value from 2019 to 2031]:

• SLS
• SLES
• LAS

SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Application [Analysis by Value from 2019 to 2031]:

• Detergents & Cleaners
• Personal Care
• Oilfield Chemicals
• Textile & Leather
• Paints & Coatings
• Others

SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Region [Analysis by Value from 2019 to 2031]:

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• The Rest of the World

Country Wise Outlook for the SLS, SLES & LAS Market

The market for Sodium Lauryl Sulphate (SLS), Sodium Laureth Sulphate (SLES), and Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate (LAS) is characterized by specific changes due to evolving consumer preferences, regulations, and technological advancements. These developments have impacted production processes, market dynamics, and regional trends across major markets such as the United States, China, Germany, India, and Japan.

• United States: In the US, there has been a shift in the SLS/SLES/LAS market toward natural and less harsh surfactants due to consumers' demand for clean products. Harsh chemicals are increasingly being avoided, with product formulations aligning better with sustainability goals. Research and development departments are allocating their budgets toward innovation aimed at improving the safety profile of these surfactants.
• China: With an increase in industrialization as well as consumer industry demands for such surfactants, China's SLS/SLES/LAS domestic production capacities have grown. Improved production technologies and stricter environmental regulations are some of the recent developments. Regulatory pressures and customer preferences have resulted in a shift toward formulas that are gentler to people's health and are nature-friendly.
• Germany: Sustainability and regulatory compliance remain central elements of Germany's market. Some of the current developments include advances in green chemistry as well as reducing environmental impacts from surfactants. To meet stringent EU requirements regarding biodegradable or non-toxic products, German firms are investing heavily in SLS/SLES/LAS development while responding to increasing calls for sustainable goods.
• India: Rapidly growing industrial activities, alongside an expanding fast-moving consumer goods sector, mean that India's market for SLS/SLES/LAS will see considerable growth. Some recent advancements include enhancements in production technology aimed at improving efficiency and quality. Additionally, there is an increasing focus on meeting global safety standards and adhering to environmental regulations for selling both in domestic and international markets.
• Japan: Developments within the Japanese SLS/SLES/LAS market have seen a concentration on high-performance and specialty applications. Recently, superior formulations have been made to cater to industry-specific needs, such as those in the electronics or automotive sectors. The country is also developing new grades with improved performance and better environmental compatibility.

Features of the Global SLS, SLES, & LAS Market

Market Size Estimates: SLS, SLES & LAS market size estimation in terms of value ($B).

Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2019 to 2024) and forecast (2025 to 2031) by various segments and regions.

Segmentation Analysis: SLS, SLES & LAS market size by product type, application, and region in terms of value ($B).

Regional Analysis: SLS, SLES & LAS market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.

Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different product types, applications, and regions for the SLS, SLES & LAS markets.

Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the SLS, SLES & LAS markets.

Analysis of the competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter's Five Forces model.

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This report answers the following 11 key questions:

• Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the SLS, SLES & LAS market by product type (SLS, SLES, and LAS), application (detergents & cleaners, personal care, oilfield chemicals, textile & leather, paints & coatings, and others), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
• Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
• Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
• Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
• Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
• Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
• Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
• Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
• Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
• Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market, and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
• Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the Last 5 years, and what has its impact been on the industry?

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market : Market Dynamics

• 2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
• 2.2: Supply Chain
• 2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges

3. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis from 2019 to 2031

• 3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
• 3.2. Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
• 3.3: Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Product Type
  • 3.3.1: SLS
  • 3.3.2: SLES
  • 3.3.3: LAS
• 3.4: Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Application
  • 3.4.1: Detergents & Cleaners
  • 3.4.2: Personal Care
  • 3.4.3: Oilfield Chemicals
  • 3.4.4: Textile & Leather
  • 3.4.5: Paints & Coatings
  • 3.4.6: Others

4. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis by Region from 2019 to 2031

• 4.1: Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Region
• 4.2: North American SLS, SLES & LAS Market
  • 4.2.1: North American Market by Product Type: SLS, SLES, and LAS
  • 4.2.2: North American Market by Application: Detergents & Cleaners, Personal Care, Oilfield Chemicals, Textile & Leather, Paints & Coatings, and Others
• 4.3: European SLS, SLES & LAS Market
  • 4.3.1: European Market by Product Type: SLS, SLES, and LAS
  • 4.3.2: European Market by Application: Detergents & Cleaners, Personal Care, Oilfield Chemicals, Textile & Leather, Paints & Coatings, and Others
• 4.4: APAC SLS, SLES & LAS Market
  • 4.4.1: APAC Market by Product Type: SLS, SLES, and LAS
  • 4.4.2: APAC Market by Application: Detergents & Cleaners, Personal Care, Oilfield Chemicals, Textile & Leather, Paints & Coatings, and Others
• 4.5: ROW SLS, SLES & LAS Market
  • 4.5.1: ROW Market by Product Type: SLS, SLES, and LAS
  • 4.5.2: ROW Market by Application: Detergents & Cleaners, Personal Care, Oilfield Chemicals, Textile & Leather, Paints & Coatings, and Others

5. Competitor Analysis

• 5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
• 5.2: Operational Integration
• 5.3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

6. Growth Opportunities and Strategic Analysis

• 6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
  • 6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Product Type
  • 6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Application
  • 6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market by Region
• 6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market
• 6.3: Strategic Analysis
  • 6.3.1: New Product Development
  • 6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market
  • 6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global SLS, SLES & LAS Market
  • 6.3.4: Certification and Licensing

7. Company Profiles of Leading Players

• 7.1: Huntsman
• 7.2: Kao
• 7.3: BASF SE
• 7.4: Clariant
• 7.5: Lion Specialty Chemicals
• 7.6: Oxiteno
• 7.7: Evonik
• 7.8: Solvay
• 7.9: Galaxy Surfactants
• 7.10: Dow