세계의 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 - 산업규모, 점유율, 동향, 기회, 예측, 차량 유형별, 최종 사용자 산업별, LNG 저장 및 인프라별, 지역별, 경쟁별(2020-2030년)
Vehicle Grade LNG Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Vehicle Type, By End-User Industry, By LNG Storage and Infrastructure, By Region & Competition, 2020-2030F
자동차 등급 LNG 세계 시장은 2024년에 7억 9,220만 달러로 평가되었고, 2030년에는 15억 6,091만 달러에 이를 것으로 예측되고, 2030년까지 CAGR은 11.8%를 나타낼 전망입니다.
세계 자동차 등급 LNG(액화 천연가스) 시장은 운송 산업의 기존 연료를 대체하는 환경 친화적이고 비용 효율적인 연료에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 큰 성장을 이루고 있습니다. LNG는 디젤 및 가솔린에 비해 배출량이 적은 것으로 알려져 있으며, 상업 운송 및 화물 운송에서 이산화탄소 배출량을 줄이는 실행 가능한 솔루션을 제공합니다. 세계 각국 정부는 보다 깨끗한 연료 채택을 장려하는 엄격한 환경 규제를 실시하고 있으며 자동차 등급 LNG 시장을 더욱 촉진하고 있습니다.
| 시장 개요 |
| 예측 기간 |
2026-2030년 |
| 시장 규모 : 2024년 |
7억 9,220만 달러 |
| 시장 규모 : 2030년 |
15억 6,091만 달러 |
| CAGR : 2025-2030년 |
11.8% |
| 급성장 부문 |
현장 저장 |
| 최대 시장 |
북미 |
LNG 연료 공급 인프라의 확대와 LNG 자동차 기술의 발전도 시장 성장에 기여하고 있습니다. 자동차 및 에너지 산업의 선도 기업들은 세계의 지속가능성 목표에 따라 배기 가스 규정을 준수하기 위해 대형 트럭, 버스 및 선박을 중심으로 LNG 자동차에 대한 투자를 추진하고 있습니다. 또한 디젤과 같은 기존 연료에 비해 연료비가 싼 등 LNG의 경제적인 장점도 있어 플릿 오퍼레이터에게 매력적인 선택이 되고 있습니다.
주요 시장 성장 촉진요인
연료로서 LNG의 비용 효과
주요 시장 과제
충분한 LNG 급유 인프라 부족
주요 시장 동향
대형 수송에서 LNG 채용 증가
목차
제1장 제품 개요
제2장 조사 방법
제3장 주요 요약
제4장 고객의 목소리
제5장 세계 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 개요
제6장 세계 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 전망
- 시장 규모와 예측
- 시장 점유율 및 예측
- 차량 유형별(대형 트럭 및 버스)
- 최종 사용자 산업별(운송 및 물류, 석유 및 가스, 기타)
- LNG 저장 및 인프라(온사이트 저장, 오프사이트 저장, LNG 연료 보급 인프라)
- 지역별(북미, 유럽, 남미, 중동 및 아프리카, 아시아태평양)
- 기업별(2024년)
- 시장 맵
제7장 북미 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 전망
- 시장 규모와 예측
- 시장 점유율 및 예측
- 북미 : 국가별 분석
제8장 유럽 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 전망
- 시장 규모와 예측
- 시장 점유율 및 예측
- 유럽 : 국가별 분석
제9장 남미의 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 전망
- 시장 규모와 예측
- 시장 점유율 및 예측
- 남미 : 국가별 분석
제10장 중동 및 아프리카 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 전망
- 시장 규모와 예측
- 시장 점유율 및 예측
- 중동 및 아프리카: 국가별 분석
- 아랍에미리트(UAE)
- 남아프리카
- 터키
- 이스라엘
제11장 아시아태평양 자동차 등급 LNG 시장 전망
- 시장 규모와 예측
- 시장 점유율 및 예측
- 아시아태평양 : 국가별 분석
제12장 시장 역학
제13장 시장 동향과 발전
제14장 기업 프로파일
- Exxon Mobil Corporation
- Chevron Corporation
- TotalEnergies SE
- BP PLC
- Engie SA
- Wartsila Corporation
- Siemens AG
- Cummins Inc.
제15장 전략적 제안
제16장 기업 소개와 면책사항
SHW
Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market was valued at USD 792.2 Million in 2024 and is expected to reach at USD 1560.91 Million in 2030 and project robust growth in the forecast period with a CAGR of 11.8% through 2030. The Global Vehicle Grade LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) Market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing demand for eco-friendly and cost-efficient alternatives to conventional fuels in the transportation industry. LNG, known for its lower emissions compared to diesel and gasoline, offers a viable solution to reduce the carbon footprint in commercial and freight transportation. Governments worldwide are implementing stringent environmental regulations that encourage the adoption of cleaner fuels, further propelling the market for vehicle-grade LNG.
| Market Overview |
|---|
| Forecast Period | 2026-2030 |
| Market Size 2024 | USD 792.2 Million |
| Market Size 2030 | USD 1560.91 Million |
| CAGR 2025-2030 | 11.8% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | On-Site Storage |
| Largest Market | North America |
The expansion of LNG fueling infrastructure and advancements in LNG-powered vehicle technology have also contributed to the market's growth. Major companies in the automotive and energy sectors are investing in LNG-powered vehicles, particularly heavy-duty trucks, buses, and marine vessels, to align with global sustainability goals and comply with emission standards. The market is also benefiting from LNG's economic advantages, such as lower fuel costs, compared to traditional fuels like diesel, making it an attractive option for fleet operators.
Key Market Drivers
Cost-Effectiveness of LNG as a Fuel
One of the key drivers of the Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market is the cost-effectiveness of LNG as a fuel compared to conventional fuels. LNG is typically priced lower than diesel and gasoline, making it an economically viable option for fleet operators, logistics companies, and transportation providers. The lower fuel cost allows companies to save on operational expenses, making it an attractive option for businesses looking to reduce fuel costs and improve profit margins. Additionally, LNG offers better fuel efficiency for heavy-duty trucks, buses, and long-haul vehicles, further improving the overall cost-effectiveness for operators. As fuel prices continue to fluctuate globally, the economic stability that LNG provides is a key factor driving its adoption. The economic advantage is particularly appealing to industries with large fleets, such as freight transportation and public transit, further fueling the market's growth. In China, the adoption of LNG-powered trucks has led to significant fuel cost savings. LNG is approximately 23% cheaper than diesel, resulting in a reduction of USD 0.138 per kilometer in fuel expenses compared to diesel trucks.
Key Market Challenges
Lack of Adequate LNG Refueling Infrastructure
One of the major challenges facing the Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market is the insufficient refueling infrastructure. Although LNG presents an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional fuels, the lack of a widespread and accessible network of refueling stations hampers its adoption, especially in regions outside of major urban centers. The current number of LNG fueling stations is limited, and establishing new stations requires significant investment in infrastructure development, regulatory approvals, and logistics. For fleets and long-haul operators, the lack of accessible refueling options remains a major barrier to the widespread use of LNG-powered vehicles. Additionally, the transportation of LNG to refueling stations involves complex logistics, including the need for specialized cryogenic equipment and tankers, further increasing costs and complicating distribution. To overcome this challenge, significant investment and coordination between governments, energy companies, and private investors are needed to expand LNG refueling infrastructure globally. Without adequate refueling options, vehicle operators may be hesitant to switch to LNG-powered vehicles, resulting in slower market penetration and growth.
Key Market Trends
Increasing Adoption of LNG in Heavy-Duty Transportation
The increasing adoption of LNG in heavy-duty transportation, particularly for long-haul trucking, is one of the most significant trends in the global Vehicle Grade LNG Market. With stringent emissions regulations and a growing emphasis on sustainability, fleet operators are seeking cleaner alternatives to traditional diesel engines. LNG, which emits significantly less carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), offers a viable solution for reducing the carbon footprint of long-distance transportation. Furthermore, LNG vehicles provide longer driving ranges compared to electric vehicles, making them more suitable for long-haul operations. As global environmental policies continue to tighten, LNG adoption is expected to grow as a cleaner and more cost-effective alternative to diesel in the heavy-duty segment. This trend is further accelerated by advancements in LNG vehicle technologies, which have improved performance and efficiency, making LNG-powered trucks more attractive to fleet owners. Additionally, large logistics companies and freight operators are increasingly investing in LNG-powered trucks as part of their sustainability initiatives. With the growing push for decarbonization in the transportation sector, the trend of LNG adoption in heavy-duty vehicles is expected to dominate the market, leading to substantial growth in the vehicle-grade LNG segment. With the expansion of LNG fueling stations, the number of LNG-powered trucks is also rising. As of 2023, over 20,000 LNG trucks were operating globally, with an expected increase to over 50,000 LNG trucks by 2030, driven by infrastructure expansion in key regions like China and Europe.
Key Market Players
- Exxon Mobil Corporation
- Chevron Corporation
- TotalEnergies SE
- BP PLC
- Engie SA
- Wartsila Corporation
- Siemens AG
- Cummins Inc.
Report Scope:
In this report, the Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Vehicle Grade LNG Market, By Vehicle Type:
Vehicle Grade LNG Market, By End-User Industry:
- Transportation & Logistics
- Oil & Gas
- Others
Vehicle Grade LNG Market, By LNG Storage and Infrastructure:
- On-Site Storage
- Off-Site Storage
- LNG Refuelling Infrastructure
Vehicle Grade LNG Market, By Region:
- North America
- United States
- Canada
- Mexico
- Europe
- France
- United Kingdom
- Italy
- Germany
- Spain
- Belgium
- Asia-Pacific
- China
- India
- Japan
- Australia
- South Korea
- Indonesia
- Vietnam
- South America
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Colombia
- Chile
- Peru
- Middle East & Africa
- South Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- UAE
- Turkey
- Israel
Competitive Landscape
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market.
Available Customizations:
Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:
Company Information
- Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).
Table of Contents
1. Product Overview
- 1.1. Market Definition
- 1.2. Scope of the Market
- 1.2.1. Markets Covered
- 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
- 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations
2. Research Methodology
- 2.1. Objective of the Study
- 2.2. Baseline Methodology
- 2.3. Formulation of the Scope
- 2.4. Assumptions and Limitations
- 2.5. Sources of Research
- 2.5.1. Secondary Research
- 2.5.2. Primary Research
- 2.6. Approach for the Market Study
- 2.6.1. The Bottom-Up Approach
- 2.6.2. The Top-Down Approach
- 2.7. Methodology Followed for Calculation of Market Size & Market Shares
- 2.8. Forecasting Methodology
- 2.8.1. Data Triangulation & Validation
3. Executive Summary
4. Voice of Customer
5. Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market Overview
6. Global Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 6.2.1. By Vehicle Type (Heavy-Duty Trucks and Buses)
- 6.2.2. By End-User Industry (Transportation & Logistics, Oil & Gas and Others)
- 6.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure (On-Site Storage, Off-Site Storage and LNG Refuelling Infrastructure)
- 6.2.4. By Region (North America, Europe, South America, Middle East & Africa, Asia Pacific)
- 6.3. By Company (2024)
- 6.4. Market Map
7. North America Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 7.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 7.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 7.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 7.2.4. By Country
- 7.3. North America: Country Analysis
- 7.3.1. United States Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 7.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 7.3.1.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 7.3.1.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 7.3.2. Canada Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 7.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 7.3.2.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 7.3.2.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 7.3.3. Mexico Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 7.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 7.3.3.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 7.3.3.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
8. Europe Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 8.2.4. By Country
- 8.3. Europe: Country Analysis
- 8.3.1. Germany Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.3.1.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.3.1.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 8.3.2. France Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.3.2.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.3.2.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 8.3.3. Italy Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.3.3.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.3.3.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 8.3.4. Spain Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.3.4.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.3.4.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.3.4.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 8.3.5. Belgium Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.3.5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.3.5.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.3.5.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 8.3.6. United Kingdom Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 8.3.6.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 8.3.6.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 8.3.6.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 8.3.6.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 8.3.6.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
9. South America Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 9.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 9.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 9.2.4. By Country
- 9.3. South America: Country Analysis
- 9.3.1. Brazil Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 9.3.1.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 9.3.1.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 9.3.2. Colombia Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 9.3.2.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 9.3.2.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 9.3.3. Argentina Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 9.3.3.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 9.3.3.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 9.3.4. Chile Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 9.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.3.4.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 9.3.4.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 9.3.4.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 9.3.5. Peru Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 9.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 9.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 9.3.5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 9.3.5.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 9.3.5.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
10. Middle East & Africa Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 10.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 10.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 10.2.4. By Country
- 10.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
- 10.3.1. Saudi Arabia Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 10.3.1.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 10.3.1.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 10.3.2. UAE Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 10.3.2.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 10.3.2.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 10.3.3. South Africa Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 10.3.3.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 10.3.3.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 10.3.4. Turkey Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 10.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.3.4.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 10.3.4.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 10.3.4.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 10.3.5. Israel Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 10.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 10.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 10.3.5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 10.3.5.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 10.3.5.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
11. Asia Pacific Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.2.4. By Country
- 11.3. Asia-Pacific: Country Analysis
- 11.3.1. China Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.1.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.1.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.3.2. India Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.2.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.2.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.3.3. Japan Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.3.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.3.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.3.4. South Korea Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.4.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.4.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.4.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.3.5. Australia Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.5.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.5.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.3.6. Indonesia Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.6.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.6.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.6.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.6.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.6.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
- 11.3.7. Vietnam Vehicle Grade LNG Market Outlook
- 11.3.7.1. Market Size & Forecast
- 11.3.7.2. Market Share & Forecast
- 11.3.7.2.1. By Vehicle Type
- 11.3.7.2.2. By End-User Industry
- 11.3.7.2.3. By LNG Storage and Infrastructure
12. Market Dynamics
- 12.1. Drivers
- 12.2. Challenges
13. Market Trends and Developments
14. Company Profiles
- 14.1. Exxon Mobil Corporation
- 14.1.1. Business Overview
- 14.1.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.1.3. Recent Developments
- 14.1.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.1.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.2. Chevron Corporation
- 14.2.1. Business Overview
- 14.2.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.2.3. Recent Developments
- 14.2.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.2.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.3. TotalEnergies SE
- 14.3.1. Business Overview
- 14.3.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.3.3. Recent Developments
- 14.3.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.3.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.4. BP PLC
- 14.4.1. Business Overview
- 14.4.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.4.3. Recent Developments
- 14.4.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.4.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.5. Engie SA
- 14.5.1. Business Overview
- 14.5.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.5.3. Recent Developments
- 14.5.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.5.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.6. Wartsila Corporation
- 14.6.1. Business Overview
- 14.6.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.6.3. Recent Developments
- 14.6.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.6.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.7. Siemens AG
- 14.7.1. Business Overview
- 14.7.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.7.3. Recent Developments
- 14.7.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.7.5. Key Product/Services Offered
- 14.8. Cummins Inc.
- 14.8.1. Business Overview
- 14.8.2. Key Revenue and Financials
- 14.8.3. Recent Developments
- 14.8.4. Key Personnel/Key Contact Person
- 14.8.5. Key Product/Services Offered
15. Strategic Recommendations
16. About Us & Disclaimer
