지능화 과정에서 문은 더 이상 전통적인 개폐 부품이 아니라 자동 개폐, 지능형 충돌 방지, 지능형 상호 작용 등의 기능을 지속적으로 추가하여 지능형 부품으로 발전하고 있습니다.
중국의 승용차 스마트 도어 시장 규모는 2024년 500억 위안에 육박해 전년 대비 31.5% 증가하며 2028년 800억 위안을 넘어 연평균 약 16% 성장할 것으로 예상됩니다.
기능적 측면에서 볼 때, 문은 자동차 지능의 입구로서 지능형 잠금 해제, 자동 잠금 해제, 장애물 회피 및 끼임 방지, 지능형 디스플레이, 지능형 상호 연결 등 많은 기능과 인터랙티브한 경험을 제공합니다. 광학 기술, 음향 기술, 무선 포지셔닝 기술 등의 지원으로 많은 새로운 인터랙티브 기능이 자동차에 대량 생산되고 있으며, 앞으로 더 많은 인터랙티브 기능을 사용할 예정입니다. 예를 들어 AR 프로젝션, 노크, 음성 제어, UWB 인식 킥과 같은 지능형 도어 개폐 방법 등이 있습니다.
AR 스마트 도어는 AR 프로젝션을 이용하여 문을 열 수 있습니다. 주인이 열쇠를 들고 차 근처에 도착하면 AR 지능형 시스템이 즉시 이를 감지하고 프로젝션 장비를 통해 잠금 해제 패턴을 지면에 투사합니다. 소유자는 투영을 밟기만 하면 문이 자동으로 열리게 됩니다. 이 방식은 투영을 통해 문이 열리고 닫히는 위치를 보여주기 때문에 양손이 크게 자유롭습니다.
2024년 11월, 광저우 국제 자동차 전시회에서 데뷔한 BYD Xia는 AR 프로젝션으로 문을 여는 방법을 시연했습니다. 사용자가 잠긴 자동차의 슬라이딩 도어나 뒷문에 다가가면 AR 프로젝션이 자동으로 켜지고, 깜박이는 아이콘을 밟기만 하면 "멀리서 문을 열 수 있다"고 합니다. ARCFOX Kaola, Besturn E01, Dongfeng Aeolus Huge, ARCFOX aS(Forest Edition) 등도 이 기능을 탑재하고 있습니다.
AR 프로젝션 도어 시스템은 프로젝션 장비, 센서, 컨트롤러로 구성됩니다. 사용자가 스마트 키로 문 외부의 스캔 영역에 들어가면 프로젝션 장비가 해당 패턴을 투사하고 센서가 사용자의 발밑의 움직임을 인식합니다. 현재 센서에는 주로 TOF 센서와 LiDAR가 있으며, ASU Tech는 TOF 센서 솔루션의 대표적인 공급업체이며 Benewake는 LiDAR 솔루션의 주요 공급업체입니다.
ASU Tech는 ASU AR Intelligent Projection Tailgate Switch System을 발표했습니다. 소유자가 열쇠로 차량 후방에 도달하면 차량은 자동으로 이를 감지하고 MLA 광학 프로젝션 기술을 통해 해당 패턴을 지면에 투사합니다. 소유자는 패턴을 가볍게 밟기만 하면 TOF 모듈이 이를 정확하게 감지하여 사용자와의 안전한 거리를 유지하면서 테일게이트가 자동으로 열리도록 명령을 내립니다. 지금까지 이 시스템은 버전 2.0으로 업그레이드되어 총 3개의 제품과 2개의 장착 위치가 있으며, 스텝 패턴 맞춤 서비스도 제공되며, Besturn E01, Dongfeng Aeolus Huge 등에 적용되었습니다.
Benewake의 라이트 센싱(레이저) 킥 솔루션은 단일 포인트 LiDAR, AR 프로젝션, 메인 컨트롤 패널로 구성됩니다. 이 솔루션은 단일 포인트 LiDAR 및 AR 프로젝션/가시광선 디스플레이 모듈을 사용하여 지능형 감지 장비를 통합하여 트렁크에 장착 할 수 있습니다. LiDAR 스폿이 AR 프로젝션 커서/가시광선 표시 커서와 겹치고, LiDAR는 거리 등 특성 값에 따라 사용자가 커서를 밟았는지 여부를 판단하고, 차량 시스템과 연동하여 AR 프로젝션, 밟음 감지, 테일 게이트 개폐를 할 수 있습니다. 게이트 개폐를 가능하게 합니다. 사용자가 차를 건드리지 않고도 자동으로 뒷문이 열리고 닫힙니다.
이 솔루션은 정전식보다 트리거가 쉽고, 오 트리거율이 낮고, 트리거의 투영 패턴이 보이고, 장착 및 레이아웃이 유연하며, 자동차 소유자에게 편리한 도어 개폐, 야간 조명 및 기타 경험을 제공합니다.
중국의 스마트 도어·전기 테일게이트 시장에 대해 조사분석했으며, 각 스마트 도어 제품의 탑재수, 시장 규모, 경쟁 구도, 공급업체의 전략, OEM의 전략, 개발 동향 등의 정보를 제공하고 있습니다.
Smart door research: The market is worth nearly RMB50 billion in 2024, with diverse door opening technologies
This report analyzes and studies the installation, market size, competitive landscape, suppliers' strategies, OEMs' strategies, development trends, etc. of various smart door products. The research scope mainly covers:
In the process of intelligent evolution, doors are no longer traditional opening and closing components, but constantly add functions such as automatic opening and closing, intelligent anti-collision, and intelligent interaction, and develop towards intelligent components.
China's passenger car smart door market is valued at nearly RMB50 billion in 2024, a year-on-year surge of 31.5%. It is expected to exceed RMB80 billion in 2028, with an average annual growth rate of around 16%.
From a functional perspective, doors, as the entrance to vehicle intelligence, carry many functions and interactive experiences, such as intelligent unlocking, automatic opening, obstacle avoidance and anti-pinch, intelligent display, and intelligent interconnection. With the support of optical, acoustic, wireless positioning and other technologies, many new interactive functions have been mass-produced for cars or will be applied. For example, there are intelligent door opening methods such as AR projection, knocking, voice control, and UWB-recognized kicking.
AR smart doors use AR projection to open doors. When the owner arrives near the car with the key, the AR intelligent system will sense it immediately and project the unlocking pattern on the ground through a projection device. The owner only needs to step on the projection, and then the door will automatically open. This method uses projection to indicate the door opening position, which greatly frees your hands.
In November 2024, BYD Xia, which debuted at the Guangzhou International Automobile Exhibition, demonstrated how to open doors by AR projection. When the user approaches the sliding door or tailgate of the locked car, the AR projection will turn on automatically, then the user can "open the door from a distance" by simply stepping on the flashing icon. In addition, ARCFOX Kaola, Besturn E01, Dongfeng Aeolus Huge, and ARCFOX aS (Forest Edition) among others are also equipped with this function.
The AR projection door system is composed of projection devices, sensors, and controllers. The projection device projects a corresponding pattern after the user enters the scanning area outside the door with the smart key, and the sensor recognizes the user's stepping movement. At present, sensors mainly include TOF sensors and LiDAR. ASU Tech is a representative supplier of TOF sensor solutions, while Benewake is a main supplier of LiDAR solutions.
ASU Tech has launched the ASU AR Intelligent Projection Tailgate Switch System. When the owner reaches the rear of the car with the key, the car will automatically sense it and project the corresponding pattern on the ground through MLA optical projection technology. The owner only needs to lightly step on the pattern, then the TOF module will accurately detect it and issue a command to make the tailgate open automatically while ensuring a safe distance with the user. So far, this system has been upgraded to version 2.0, with a total of 3 products and 2 installation positions, and customized services for stepping patterns are available. It is applied in Besturn E01, Dongfeng Aeolus Huge, etc.
Benewake's light-sensing (laser) kicking solution consists of single-point LiDAR, AR projection, and main control panel. This solution uses a single-point LiDAR and an AR projection/visible light indication module and integrates an intelligent sensing device. It can be installed in the trunk. The LiDAR spot overlaps with the AR projection cursor/visible indication light cursor, then the LiDAR judges whether the user steps on the cursor according to characteristic values such as distance, and cooperates with the vehicle system to enable AR projection, stepping detection and tailgate opening and closing. The tailgate opens and closes automatically without needing the user to touch the car.
This solution is easier to trigger than the capacitive type, with benefits of a low false trigger rate, visible trigger projection pattern, flexible installation and layout, etc., bringing car owners convenient door opening, night lighting and other experiences.
Taifang Tech's KK (Knock-knock) interaction is an innovative function that enables door control by simple knocking. This function uses the latest elastic wave intelligent touch sensing technology to allow the entire door panel to sense touch. The user only needs to tap lightly anywhere on the door surface, then the door will open or close automatically.
Knocking on the door is user-friendly and intuitive. For the entire door surface can sense touch, users do not need buttons or precise positioning. Any position is available for interaction. When it rains and the surface of the car body is dirty, or when hands are not free, KK interaction offers great convenience to users. In addition, OEMs can choose double clicks or triple clicks to match their own functional needs. All opening and closing parts of the car body, such as doors, tailgate, front trunk lid and charging port cover, can be controlled using this function.
KK Interaction is based on the Taifang Automobile Impact Perception System (TAIPS) developed by Taifang Tech, which can provide multiple human-vehicle interaction methods, including finger pressing, tapping, finger or palm sliding and is expected to spread to the center console, display, steering wheel, buttons, door handles, tailgate, charging port cover, seats, armrest screen, etc. in the future.
TAIPS adopts a "sensor + chip" hardware solution. The device is small in size, simple in structure, and easy to install. It can not only cater to the needs for crushing prevention in collision, parking safety and human-vehicle interaction in new autonomous driving scenarios, but also make up for the blind spots of various existing sensors.
Out-of-car voice allows intelligent interaction between people and cars to move from the inside to the outside of the cars. Since 2023, OEMs like Jiyue, ZEEKR and Changan Nevo have installed out-of-car voice functions in cars, for example, voicing to play music outside the cars, opening and closing the doors, and starting the car.
In terms of door opening and closing, both Jiyue 01 and Jiyue 07 enable out-of-car voice recognition to open the doors. Jiyue 07, launched in September 2024, is equipped with Baidu's latest AI foundation model and SIMO (intelligent voice assistant). When the owner stands outside the car and says "open the door", the door will open automatically.
In April 2024, PATEO CONNECT+ unveiled the world's first solid-state sound field intelligent system that uses body panels to generate sound and integrates body panel vibration perception. This system allows users to talk to the vehicle by simply tapping on the door. For example, tapping a body panel can directly activate voice recognition to open the trunk or door.
The key component of this system is PATEO CONNECT+'s high-power piezoelectric vibrator sound generator that supports sound generation from body panels. The device is ultra-light, ultra-thin, waterproof, dustproof, corrosion-resistant, and resistant to high/low temperatures, and features a wide sound frequency band and a long service life, making it suitable for out-of-car sound generation.
The automotive all-scenario intelligent interactive system that integrates sound vibrators and control units has multi-modal interaction capabilities such as multi-directional sound generation and perception outside the car. The system supports more than 50 new scenario applications, covering leisure and entertainment, reminder services, safe vehicle control, vehicle communication, advertising sales, new business models, etc., and including vehicle collision warning, local rescue, megaphones inside and outside the car, out-of-car sound waves, out-of-car karaoke, out-of-car speeches, keyless entry, and smart marketing.
The inductive tailgate is commonly known as "one-kick". As the name suggests, the trunk is opened by sweeping the sensor under the car with your foot. With the rapid development of vehicle intelligence, kick-activated tailgates have gradually become a standard feature of mid-to-high-end models thanks to their unique ease of use and intelligence. In recent years, the installation rate of sensor-based tailgate opening functions has been on the rise, increasing from 11.9% in 2021 to 22.3% in September 2024.
The key component of the inductive tailgate is the kick sensor, which is usually installed inside the rear bumper of the vehicle. There are diverse solutions for kick sensors, including infrared, capacitive, ultrasonic, radar, and UWB radar solutions.
Among them, the infrared solution is being phased out, and the capacitive solution is currently the most popular solution in the market. The UWB solution, characterized by high stability (compared to the capacitive solution), moderate cost (more expensive than the capacitive solution, and cheaper than the radar solution) and low power consumption (lower than the radar solution), is gradually emerging.
In November 2024, Linked Intelligent Technology published its patented kick sensor which aims to simplify the installation method of the (capacitive) leg sweep sensing device and improve the sensitivity and reliability during its detection process. Linked Intelligent Technology is a supplier of capacitive kick sensors. The controller housing of its second-generation capacitive kick sensor uses laser welding technology and a dedicated capacitance detection chip to support action recognition such as leg sweeps and oblique kicks. And it can effectively avoid the probability of false triggering such as water splashing, pets and pedestrians passing by. At present, Linked Intelligent Technology's second-generation capacitive kick sensor has been mass-produced for 8 models, and the first-generation capacitive kick sensor has been spawned for 10 models.
In 2024, YF Tech launched a UWB radar kick solution, an expansion of its UWB digital key. YF Tech's UWB radar kick solution reuses the UWB module of the digital key system to recognize kicking movements through algorithms without any additional hardware. According to the test data from the company's CNAS laboratory, this solution can accurately and quickly recognize the user's kicking movements (forward kicks and sweeps), with a success rate of higher than 99.9% and a response time of less than 300ms; also it can completely avoid possible interference caused by water droplets splashing, pets and pedestrians passing by, etc. in the sensing area, with nearly 0% false touch rate by kicking.