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중국의 자동차용 디지털 전원 및 칩 산업(2024년)
Automotive Digital Power Supply and Chip Industry Report, 2024
상품코드 : 1567949
리서치사 : ResearchInChina
발행일 : 2024년 09월
페이지 정보 : 영문 490 Pages
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한글목차

현재, 스타트 스톱 분야에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 것은 납 축전지로, 약 90%를 차지하고 있습니다. 그러나 납 축전지는 미래에 시동용 배터리로 최상의 선택이라고 할 수 없습니다. 자동차의 전기·지능화가 진행되어, 다양한 센서와 칩이 추가됨으로써, 본래의 전기 아키텍처는 점점 약화되고, 12V·48V 리튬/나트륨 배터리나 저전압 시동용 배터리 BMS등의 이용이 가속하고 있습니다.

리튬 철 배터리(LFP)는 4개의 단일 배터리를 직렬로 연결(4s1p)하고, 또한 배터리 관리 시스템(BMS)을 추가하여 전형적인 12V 저전압 배터리 네트워크를 구성하며, 단일 모니터링 및 반도체 배터리 메인 스위치를 지원할 수 있습니다. BYD는 납 축전지에서 리튬 철 배터리로 완전히 전환되었습니다. 신형 Tesla Model S Plaid, 신형 Model X, 국산 Model Y performance version도 12V 리튬 배터리를 채용하고 있습니다.

대량으로 적용되는 리튬 철 배터리 외에도 12V 나트륨 전기도 산업화의 초기 단계에 있습니다. 2024년 8월 14일, Beijing New Energy Automobile은 “12V 나트륨 전기(인산바나듐 나트륨) 신기술 개발 서비스 프로젝트 선정”의 초청 입찰 공고를 발표했습니다.

CATL, BYD, EVE Energy, Wanxiang A123 System, Zhuhai CosMX Battery와 같은 주요 배터리 제조업체는 모두 12V/48V 시동용 배터리 분야에서 제품 라인을 확대하여 점차 12V 48V 중복 통합 시스템과 저전압 배전 시스템 까지 제품 라인을 확대했습니다. Zhuhai CosMX Battery의 자동차 전원 솔루션 관점에서

12V 리튬 배터리 솔루션

2023년, Zhuhai CosMX Battery의 저전압 리튬 배터리 제품은 배치 선적을 시작했습니다. 12V LFP 스타트 스톱 배터리는 8,000회에 도달할 수 있으며 납 축전지보다 훨씬 높으며 자동차 수명 주기 동안 배터리를 교체할 필요가 없음을 보장할 수 있습니다. 이 회사는 저전압 스타트 스톱 비즈니스의 국외 전개를 가속화하고 있으며 Jaguar Land Rover(2025년 생산 개시), Stellantis(2026년 생산 개시), GM(2025년 생산 개시), IM(IM LS7 12V 리튬 배터리), 2023년 생산 개시) 등 많은 유명 OEM 지정을 잇따라 취득하고 있습니다.

48V 리튬 배터리 솔루션

Cybertruck는 전면 캐빈의 중앙에 위치하고 있습니다. Cybertruck의 48V 전원 위치는 2개의 볼트로 차량에 고정되며 볼트의 토크는 8Nm입니다. 분해의 관점에서 볼 때 Zhuhai CosMX는 Tesla의 48V 리튬 배터리 공급업체입니다.

12 48V DC/DC 듀얼 전압 리던던트 전원 솔루션

Zhuhai CosMX Battery의 이중 전압 통합 제품은 기본적으로 12V 시스템의 시스템 아키텍처를 확장하고, 원래의 12V 시스템을 유지하며, DC/DC 컨버터와 48V 독립 시스템을 추가합니다. 전체 시스템은 매우 커집니다. Zhuhai CosMX Battery가 개발한 12V/48V 듀얼 전압 시스템은 12V 시스템 기능과 48V 시스템 기능을 충족하는 배터리 팩을 사용하여 DC/DC 컨버터를 통합하고 있습니다. 통합 제품은 연료 절약과 소비 절감을 전제조건으로 12V와 48V를 실현할 수 있습니다. 비용은 상대적으로 낮고 무게는 상대적으로 가볍고 장점은 분명합니다.

전원측: DC/DC, OBC 및 기타 자동차용 전원 모듈은 통합, 효율화, 디지털화를 위해 발전하고 있어 비용 절감과 효율 향상을 실현하고 있습니다.

"Two-in-One"과 "Tree-in-One" 파워 어셈블리의 사용은 매우 일반적이며 자동차 전원은 전기 구동, 감속기, VCU/BMS 등을 갖춘 올인원 어셈블리를 형성하고 있습니다. 전체 차량의 E/E 아키텍처는 중앙 집중화를 위해 빠르게 진화하고 있습니다. 예전에는 "별개"였던 ECU가 한 곳에 통합되어 7in1, 8in1, 9in1, 심지어 BYD e3.0 Evo의 12in1과 같은 신제품이 속속 등장하고 있습니다.

본 보고서에서는 중국의 자동차용 디지털 전원·칩 산업에 대해 조사 분석하여 자동차용 전원 시장 규모와 점유율, OEM 전략, 시장과 디지털 동향, 주요 공급업체의 정보 등을 제공합니다.

목차

제1장 자동차용 전원의 정의와 현상

제2장 OEM 자동차용 전원 관리 시스템

제3장 자동차용 전원측(OBC/DC-DC/배터리) 시장과 디지털의 동향

제4장 자동차용 전원(배전측) 시장과 디지털의 동향

제5장 자동차용 전원(전력 소비측) 시장과 디지털의 동향

제6장 주요 자동차용 전원 공급자 조사

제7장 자동차용 저전압 리튬 배터리의 주요 공급업체

제8장 자동차용 파워칩의 주요 공급자 조사

JHS
영문 목차

영문목차

Research on automotive digital power supply: looking at the digital evolution of automotive power supply from the power supply side, power distribution side, and power consumption side

This report focuses on automotive digital power supplies and chips, including:

Power supply side, OBC, DC-DC, 12V & 48V lithium/sodium battery solutions and their digitalization;

Power Distribution side, high-voltage distribution, low-voltage distribution solutions and their digitalization;

Power consumption side, power solutions and digitalization for vehicle control, autonomous driving, intelligent cockpit, suspension, Brake-by-Wire, chassis, etc.;

Digital power supply (power supply, power distribution, power consumption) digital solutions for OEM and Tier1s.

Power supply side: low-voltage starter batteries are developed towards 12V & 48V lithium/sodium batteries and redundant power supply systems

At present, lead-acid batteries are the most widely used in the start-stop field, accounting for about 90%. However, lead-acid batteries are not the best choice for starting batteries in the future. With the development of vehicle electrification and intelligence, and the addition of a wide variety of sensors and chips, the original electrical architecture is increasingly weak, and applications such as 12V & 48V lithium/sodium batteries and low-voltage start-up battery BMS are accelerating.

Lithium iron battery (LFP) is configured as four single cells in series (4s1p), plus a battery management system (BMS) to form a typical 12V low-voltage battery network, which can support single monitoring and semiconductor battery main switch. BYD has fully switched from lead-acid batteries to lithium iron batteries. The new Tesla Model S Plaid, the new Model X, and the domestic Model Y performance version also use 12V lithium batteries.

In addition to lithium iron batteries that have been applied in large quantities, 12V sodium electricity has also entered the early stage of industrialization. On August 14, 2024, Beijing New Energy Automobile issued an invitation tenders announcement on "12V sodium electricity (sodium vanadium phosphate) new technology development service project selection".

Leading battery manufacturers such as CATL, BYD, EVE Energy, Wanxiang A123 System, and Zhuhai CosMX Battery have all expanded their product lines in the field of 12V/48V start-up batteries, and gradually expanded their product lines to 12V + 48V redundant integrated systems and low-voltage power distribution systems. From the perspective of Zhuhai CosMX Battery's vehicle power solution:

12V lithium battery solution

In 2023, Zhuhai CosMX Battery's low-voltage lithium battery products have begun to be shipped in batches. 12V LFP start-stop battery can reach 8000 times, much higher than lead-acid batteries, which can ensure that the battery does not need to be replaced during the life cycle of the car. The company has accelerated its overseas expansion in low-voltage start-stop business, and has successively obtained designation of many well-known OEMs such as Jaguar Land Rover (2025 SOP), Stellantis (2026 SOP), GM (2025 SOP), and IM (IM LS7 12V lithium battery, 2023 SOP).

48V lithium battery solution

The Cybertruck is located in the middle of the front cabin. The 48V power supply position of the Cybertruck is fixed to the vehicle by two bolts, and the torque of the bolts is 8Nm. From the disassembly point of view, Zhuhai CosMX is Tesla's 48V lithium battery supplier.

12 + 48V + DC/DC dual voltage redundant power supply solution

Zhuhai CosMX Battery's dual-voltage integrated products basically expand the system architecture on the 12V system, retaining the original 12V system, adding a DC/DC conversion device and a 48V independent system. The entire system is very large. The 12V/48V dual-voltage system developed by Zhuhai CosMX Battery uses a battery pack to meet the 12V system function and 48V system function, and integrates DC/DC converter together. The integrated products can achieve 12V and 48V under the premise of fuel saving and consumption reduction. The cost is relatively low, the weight is relatively light, and the advantages are obvious.

Power supply side: DC/DC, OBC and other vehicle power modules are developing towards integration, efficiency and digitalization to achieve cost reduction and efficiency increase

The application of "two-in-one" and "three-in-one" power assemblies has become very common, and automotive power supply has further formed an all-in-one assembly with electric drive, reducer, VCU/BMS, etc. The E/E architecture of the whole vehicle is rapidly evolving towards centralization. The ECU that used to be "separate" is integrated into one place, and new products such as 7in1, 8in1, 9in1 and even BYD e3.0 Evo's 12in1 are emerging in an endless stream.

Under this evolving trend, major Tier1 and Tier2 chip vendors have launched highly integrated solutions.

VMAX: Committed to becoming a world-class electric vehicle power domain overall solution provider, it has obtained the fixed points of many well-known enterprises at home and abroad such as SAIC Group, Great Wall Motors, and Sany Heavy Machinery, and has realized the mass production and shipment of motor controllers, electric drive three-in-one assembly products and "power + electric drive" all-in-one assembly products.

SemiDrive Technology: In February 2023, SemiDrive cooperated with Kotei to create a domestic power domain solution based on E3 "Control Core". The solution will also cover the all-in-one design of the power system in the future, and deeply integrate high-voltage electrical accessories such as DC/DC, OBC, and PDU.

ST: Introduced a new generation of high-performance MCU products based on Arm (R) architecture - the Stellar family, including three categories of Stellar E, Stellar G and Stellar P. Includes a 22kW OBC-DC/DC 2-in-1 solution based on Stellar E, a Stellar G-based ZCU, and a new all-in-one Stellar P-based powertrain domain controller at Munich Shanghai Electronics Show in 2023.

ST aims to achieve "replacing the respective MCUs in multiple ECUs with a single Stellar P-series MCU, realizing the centralization of computing power, and users can develop and maintain products with only one software toolchain."

Stellar P-series MCUs support up to 6 Cortex (R) R52 + cores, provide more than 10K DMIPS computing power, and support OBC, DC/DC, inverter, BMU and VCU function integration. The highly integrated form allows the entire controller size to be further reduced, the degree of integration will be higher, and the system BOM cost can be further optimized.

Based on Stellar E's 22KW OBC with 3KW DC-DC combo system two-in-one solution, compatible with 3.3KW & 6.6KW & 11KW on the market, its Stellar-E1 is a dual-core MCU with 300MHz computing power, rich peripherals, the biggest advantage is that the chip has security functions, no need to be designed with a security chip, in line with the security function requirements of ISO26262 ASIL-D, and also has OTA functions.

In the vehicle power system, the traditional DC/DC converter generally has problems such as low conversion efficiency and large size. It can achieve small size and high performance of DC/DC by using advanced technology controllers. Digital power solution provider "Wuhan Senmu Leishi Tech" has launched a self-developed PPEC (programmable power electronic controller) digital power control chip.

Power consumption side: safety power solutions for autonomous driving HPC, intelligent cockpit HPC, ECU, etc

The technological progress of SoCs in automotive intelligent cockpits puts forward higher requirements for computing power, main frequency and dynamic response speed. At the same time, the power consumption of the whole board continues to increase, and the power conversion efficiency needs to be higher to save energy; the dynamic response speed is faster, and the functional safety level requirements of power modules continue to increase (generally ASIL-B or above). These factors all bring various challenges to the design of automotive power supplies.

Lierda and ST Launch ADAS Power Solution for Intelligent Driving

The core components of this solution include large computing power chip, ST's PMIC power chip, DCDC chip, LDO chip and ST's SPC series MCU. The power management chip solution can ensure that the ADAS domain controller can still provide stable and reliable power supply in the face of high current power consumption.

ROHM and SemiDrive Technology jointly develop an in-vehicle SoC reference design

The reference design mainly covers SemiDrive Technology's smart cockpit SoC * 1 "X9M" and "X9E" products, which are equipped with ROHM's PMIC * 2, SerDes IC * 3 and LED drivers.

In addition to the SerDes IC used in the "X9H" reference board, ROHM further provided "BD96801Q12-C" SoC PMIC and "BD9SA01F80-C" buck converter IC for driving the SoC, as well as "BD39031MUF-C" general-purpose PMIC for ADAS that supplies power to the SerDes IC. This solution supports operation of up to three display projections and four ADAS cameras (Surround-view camera).

Table of Contents

1 Definition and Status Quo of Automotive Power Supply

2 Automotive Power Supply Management System of OEMs

3 Market and Digital Trends of Automotive Power Supply Side (OBC/DC-DC/ Battery)

4 Market and Digital Trends of Automotive Power Supply (Power Distribution Side)

5 Market and Digital Trends of Automotive Power Supply (Power Consumption Side)

6 Research on Major Automotive Power Supply Providers

7 Main Suppliers of Automotive Low Voltage Lithium Batteries

8 Research on Major Suppliers of Automotive Power Chips

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