As Americans continue to navigate persistent post-pandemic inflation, rising costs for both human necessities and pet-related products and services have significantly impacted household budgets. This financial strain has led to reduced pet spending, delayed adoptions, and, in some cases, pet relinquishment. In this environment, veterinary services that offer a balance of affordability and quality care are in high demand.
Disruption and Opportunity in Traditional Veterinary Care
Legacy veterinary practices face mounting challenges, including declining margins and shifting consumer behaviors. However, the broader pet care industry is undergoing transformation, led by corporate and tech-savvy players leveraging strategic partnerships and innovative business models. These companies are blurring the lines between product, service, and digital engagement to capture greater customer loyalty and share of pet care spending.
Industry leaders are pursuing omnichannel and "omnimarket" strategies, integrating retail, e-commerce, and tech-enabled services to meet evolving customer expectations. The focus is increasingly on holistic pet wellness ecosystems that combine diagnostics, telehealth, prescription management, and home delivery.
Evolving Consumer Behavior and Demographic Shifts
Younger pet owners, especially Millennials and Gen Z, are driving demand for comprehensive, one-stop pet care solutions. These consumers value convenience, personalization, and high-touch service - often mirroring their expectations for human health and wellness. As a result, companies that offer bundled services across veterinary care, pet food, grooming, and pet insurance are gaining traction.
Online Pet Pharmacies Gain Ground
Online sales of pet products surged during the COVID-19 pandemic, reshaping how pet owners shop. This trend continues to accelerate: according to Packaged Facts, e-commerce pet product sales are projected to double 2020 levels by 2025. While this shift boosts revenue for online pet retailers and pharmacies, it threatens traditional veterinary practices that have historically relied on high-margin in-house medication sales. With veterinary services facing cost normalization, practices must innovate to maintain profitability in this new era. Chewy Pharmacy's 2018 launch and Amazon's 2025 entry into veterinary prescriptions exemplify how e-commerce giants are targeting this space with direct-to-consumer solutions. This shift creates both risks and opportunities for veterinarians: while they may lose some prescription revenue, they can also partner with digital platforms or launch their own online offerings.
Veterinary Services Market Report - 2025 Edition
The newly released report, Veterinary Services in the U.S.: Competing for the Pet Care Customer, 5th Edition, provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolving veterinary sector. Key insights include:
Sales and Growth Trends (2019-2029): In-depth data on veterinary service revenue, including projections through 2029.
Veterinary vs. Retail Sales: Breakouts of clinical services, pet medications, and hands-on non-medical services (grooming, boarding, daycare, and training).
E-commerce and Competitive Strategy: How major players use omnichannel tactics to reshape the customer experience.
Customer Usage Patterns: Data on pet ownership, veterinary visit frequency, and spending behaviors.
Pet Owner Demographics: Insights into consumer behavior across veterinary medications, prescription pet food, and care services.
Based on proprietary data from Packaged Facts' 2025 Surveys of Pet Owners, this report is a vital resource for stakeholders navigating today's rapidly changing veterinary and pet care landscape.
Table of Content
CHAPTER 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY
Scope of Coverage
Research Methodology
Regional Breakouts
Figure 1-1. National Map by State, Geographic Region, and Census Region
SECTOR OVERVIEW
Historical and Projected Sales and Shares
Veterinary Services and Omnimarket Strategies
Veterinary Service Usage and Customer Patterns
OPPORTUNITIES
The Affordability Crisis and Pet Population Impacts
Table 1-1. Topline Pet Ownership Rates by Dog/Cat Ownership Classification, 2019 - 2024 (percent of overall households)
Table 1-3. Selected Demographic Gains in Dog or Cat Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and percent change)
Competing within Pet Industry Omnimarket
E-Commerce and Prescription Pet Medications
Figure 1-2. How Pet Medications Requiring a Vet's Prescription Were Purchased, 2023 vs. 2025 (percent of customers)
New Veterinary Practice Models and Service Priorities
Table 1-4. Pet Care Services Considered Most Important to Health and Wellness: Overall and by Generational Cohort, 2025 (percent of dog/cat owners)
Figure 1-3. Topics on Which Pet Parents Would Like More Guidance from Their Veterinarians, 2025 (percent of veterinary customers)
Senior and Overweight Pets
CHAPTER 2: VETERINARY SECTOR SALES AND GROWTH
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
OVERVIEW OF VETERINARY REVENUES
Current and Historical Sales
Table 2-1. US Veterinary Sector Revenues, 2019 - 2024 (billion dollars and percent change)
Dog Versus Cat Share of Revenues
Table 2-2. Veterinary Sector Revenues by Animal Type: Dogs, Cats, and Other Pets, 2024 (billion dollars and percent share)
Service vs. Product Revenues
Table 2-3. Veterinary Sector Revenues: Overall and by Services vs. Products, 2019 - 2024 (million dollars and percent change)
Practice-Level Volume Trends in Pet Medication Spending
Consumer Price Index Inflation
Figure 2-1. Annual Consumer Price Index Inflation Rates for Veterinary Services, 2015 - 2024 (percent)
Veterinary Care Spending Patterns and Challenges
Figure 2-2. Changes in Levels of Veterinary Spending in Last 12 Months: Dog vs. Cat Owners, 2025 (percent of vet services customers with 2+ years as pet owners)
Figure 2-3. Significant Pet Care Challenges Faced by Veterinary Customers, 2025 (percent)
Economic Stress and Vet Care Usage Rates
Figure 2-4. Patterns for Receiving or Foregoing Veterinary Care, November 2024 - January 2025 (percent of pet owners)
Flat Dog Population Trends and Negative Patient Counts
Table 2-4. Topline Pet Ownership Rates by Dog/Cat Ownership Classification, 2019 - 2024 (percent of overall households)
Figure 2-5. Year-Over-Year (YoY) Change in Number of Active Patients, May 2024 - March 2025 (percent)
Figure 2-6. Year-Over-Year (YoY) Change in Veterinary Patient Visits, May 2024 - March 2025 (percent)
Generational Challenges to the Centrality of Veterinarians to Pet Care
Figure 2-7. Gallup Poll Data on the Gen Z Trust Landscape (percent)
Table 2-5. Most Important Sources of Pet Care Information: By Generational Cohort, 2025 (percent)
Topline Sales Projections
Table 2-6. Projected US Veterinary Sector Revenues: Overall and by Services vs. Products, 2024, 2025P, and 2029P (million dollars and percent change)
Table 3-1. Usage Rates for Veterinary Services by Type of Provider: Dog Owners vs. Cat Owners, 2025 (percent of veterinary customers)
Generational Patterns
Figure 3-1. Usage Rates for Local, Independent Vet Practices by Generational Cohort: Dog Owners vs. Cat Owners, 2025 (percent)
Table 3-2. Levels of Agreement with Statements Related to Vet Service Providers by Type/Location: Overall and by Generational Cohort, 2025 (percent of veterinary customers)
Table 3-3. Most Important Sources of Pet Care Information: By Generational Cohort, 2025 (percent)
Veterinary Care Wellness Plans and Loyalty Programs
Telemedicine as Facet of Tech-Driven Transformation
Illustration 3-3a. States Allowing Virtual Care-Initiated Veterinarian-Client-Patient-Relationships (VCPRs),
Illustration 3-3b. States Prohibiting Virtual-Care Initiated Veterinarian-Client-Patient-Relationships (VCPRs),
Table 3-4. Levels of Agreement with Selected Statements Related to Veterinary Telehealth, 2025 (percent of veterinary customers)
On-Hand and At-Home Trends
Illustration 3-4. Maryland Mobile Vet: "We Bring Veterinary Medicine to Your Door"
CHAPTER 4: CORE VETERINARY USAGE PATTERNS
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
VETERINARY SERVICE USAGE AND SPENDING PATTERNS
Usage Rates and Customer Base
Table 4-1. Veterinary Service Usage Rates: By Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/cat households)
Vet Customer Base Drops to 47 Million Households
Table 4-2. Customer Base for Veterinary Services vs. Overall Dog/Cat Household Population, 2021 - 2024 (million households)
Dogs Account for Three-Fourths of Vet Patients
Table 4-3. Share of Overall Pet Household Population vs. Veterinary Customers: By Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
Distribution of Veterinary Customers by Age of Pets
Table 4-4. Distribution by Age of Pet: Overall Dog Household Population vs. Dog Veterinary Service Customers, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
Table 4-5. Distribution by Age of Pet: Overall Cat Household Population vs. Cat Veterinary Service Customers, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
Patterns for Regular/Check-Up vs. Urgent/Emergency Care Visits
Figure 4-1. Patterns for Regular/Check-Up vs. Urgent/Emergency Care Veterinary Visits: For Dogs vs. Cats, 2025 (percent of dog/cat veterinary service users in last 12 months)
Reasons for Veterinary Visits
Table 4-6. Selected Reasons for Veterinary Visits, 2025 (percent of veterinary customers)
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Patterns by Number of Vet Visits
Table 4-7. Patterns for Annual Number of Visits to Vet by Selected Dog/Cat Owner Classifications, 2021 - 2024 (percent of veterinary customers)
The Income Factor for Use of Vet Services
Table 4-8. Indexes for Use of Veterinary Services by Household Income Bracket: By Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (base index = 100)
Vet Care Spending per Customer Household
Table 4-9. Veterinary Care Spending by Dollar Ranges in Last 12 Months per Customer Household, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
Table 4-10. Veterinary Care Spending by Dollar Ranges in Last 12 Months: By Household Income Grouping, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
Table 4-11. Veterinary Care Spending by Dollar Ranges in Last 12 Months: Dog Owners Overall, Dog Owners without Senior Dogs, and Dog Owners with Senior Dogs Age 7+, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
Table 4-12. Veterinary Care Spending by Dollar Ranges in Last 12 Months: Cat Owners Overall, Cat Owners without Senior Cats, and Cat Owners with Senior Cats Age 7+, 2021 - 2024 (percent)
CHAPTER 5: VETERINARY CUSTOMER DEMOGRAPHICS
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
OVERALL DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS AND SKEWS
The Top Variables
Table 5-1. High- and Low-Indexing Demographics for Dog or Cat Veterinary Services, 2021 vs. 2024 (indexes among dog/cat owners)
Gains and Losses in Customer Base by Demographic
Table 5-2a. Selected Demographic Gains or Losses in Dog or Cat Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and percent change)
Table 5-2b. Selected Demographic Gains or Losses in Dog or Cat Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and percent change)
Detailed Demographic Tables
Table 5-3a. Usage Rates for Dog or Cat Veterinary Services: By Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/cat households)
Table 5-3b. Customer Base for Dog or Cat Veterinary Services: By Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of dog/cat households)
Table 5-3c. Usage Indexes for Dog or Cat Veterinary Services: By Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (base index among dog/cat owners = 100)
DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS FOR DOG/NOT CAT OWNERS
The Top Variables
Table 5-4. High- and Low-Indexing Demographics for Dog/Not Cat Veterinary Services, 2021 vs. 2024 (indexes among dog/not cat owners)
Figure 5-1. Low-Indexing Demographics for Dog/Not Cat Veterinary Services, 2021 vs. 2024 (indexes among dog/not cat owners)
Gains and Losses in Customer Base by Demographic
Table 5-5a. Selected Demographic Gains or Losses in Dog/Not Cat Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and percent change)
Table 5-5b. Selected Demographic Gains or Losses in Dog/Not Cat Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and numerical change)
Detailed Demographic Tables
Table 5-6a. Dog/Not Cat Owner Usage Rates for Veterinary Services: By Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/not cat owning households)
Table 5-6b. Dog/Not Cat Owner Customer Base for Veterinary Services: By Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of dog/not cat-owning households)
Table 5-6c. Dog/Not Cat Owner Usage Indexes for Veterinary Services: By Demographic, 2021- 2024 (base index among dog/not cat owners = 100)
DEMOGRAPHIC PATTERNS FOR CAT/NOT DOG OWNERS
Cat-Owning Households Have the Pet Population Momentum
Table 5-8. High- and Low-Indexing Demographics for Cat/Not Dog Veterinary Services, 2021 vs. 2024 (indexes among cat/not dog owners)
Figure 5-2. Low-Indexing Demographics for Cat/Not Dog Veterinary Services, 2021 vs. 2024 (indexes among cat/not dog owners)
Gains and Losses in Customer Base by Demographic
Table 5-9a. Selected Demographic Gains or Losses in Cat/Not Dog Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and percent change)
Table 5-9b. Selected Demographic Gains or Losses in Cat/Not Dog Veterinary Services Demographics, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousand households and numerical change)
Detailed Demographic Tables
Table 5-10a. Cat/Not Dog Owner Usage Rates for Veterinary Services by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (percent of cat/not dog owning households)
Table 5-10b. Cat/Not Dog Owner Customer Base for Veterinary Services by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of cat/not dog-owning households)
Table 5-10c. Cat/Not Dog Owner Usage Indexes for Veterinary Services by Demographic, 2021- 2024 (base index among cat/not dog owners = 100)
CHAPTER 6: PERSPECTIVES ON CROSS-SECTOR COMPETITION
CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS
VETERINARY SECTOR AND PET MEDICATIONS
Overall Pet Medication/Supplement Sales
Table 6-1. Overall US Sales of Pet Medications/Supplements, 2019 - 2024 (million dollars and percent change)
Veterinary vs. Retail Sector Sales
Table 6-2. Sales of Pet Medications/Supplements: Overall and by Veterinary vs. Retail Sectors, 2019 - 2024 (million dollars and percent change)
Competitive Landscape
Figure 6-1. Sales of Primary Pet Medication/Supplement Classifications: Veterinary vs. Retail Sectors, 2024 (million dollars)
Illustration 6-1. First Order Promotion on Chewy Pet Pharmacy
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Illustration 6-2. Prescription Dog Medications on Amazon
Opportunities in Competitive Context
Figure 6-2. Products Pet Parents Consider Most Important for Pet Health and Wellness: Dog vs. Cat Owners, 2025 (percent)
Omnimarket Perspectives
Figure 6-3. How Pet Medications Requiring a Vet's Prescription Were Purchased, 2023 vs. 2025 (percent of customers)
Illustration 6-3. CityVet Range of Services
Amazon Joins the Prescription Pet Medications Fray
Topline Sales Projections
Table 6-3. Projected US Sales of Pet Medications: Overall and by Veterinary vs. Retail Sectors, 2024 vs. 2029P (million dollars and percent change)
Usage Rates and Customer Base for Flea Control Products
Table 6-4. Usage Rates for Flea Control Products: Overall and by Dog/Cat Ownership, 2023 - 2024 (percent and thousands of dog/cat households)
Table 6-5a. Usage Rates for Veterinary Flea Control Products: Overall and by Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/cat veterinary customers)
Table 6-5b. Customer Base for Veterinary Flea Control Products: Overall and by Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of dog/cat households)
Shares of Veterinary Flea Control Customers by Dog/Cat Ownership
Top Demographics for Veterinary Flea Control
Figure 6-4. Indexes for Use of Veterinary Flea Control Products: By Household Income Bracket, 2024 (base index among dog/cat veterinary customers = 100)
Table 6-6. Demographic Gains/Losses in Customer Base for Veterinary Flea Control Products: By Household Income Bracket, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousands of households and numerical/percent change)
Table 6-7a. Usage Rates for Veterinary Flea Control Products by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/cat veterinary customer households)
Table 6-7b. Customer Base for Veterinary Flea Control Products by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of dog/cat households)
Table 6-7c. Usage Indexes for Veterinary Flea Control Products by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (base index among dog/cat veterinary customer households = 100)
VETERINARY SECTOR AND PET FOOD
Overall Pet Food Sales
Table 6-8. Overall US Sales of Pet Food/Treats, 2019 - 2024 (million dollars and percent change)
Veterinary vs. Retail Sector Sales
Table 6-9. Sales of Pet Food/Treats: Overall and by Veterinary vs. Retail Sectors, 2019 - 2024 (million dollars and percent change)
Competitive Landscape
Illustration 6-4. Hill's Prescription Diet on Chewy
Illustration 6-5. JustFoodforDogs on Amazon
Opportunities in Competitive Context
Pet Parent Priority on Pet Nutrition and Preventive Pet Care
Figure 6-5. Products Pet Parents Consider Most Important for Pet Health and Wellness, 2025 (percent of dog/cat owners)
Figure 6-6. Topics on Which Pet Parents Would Like More Guidance from Their Veterinarians, 2025 (percent of veterinary customers)
Veterinary Practice vs. Pet Owner Priorities
Illustration 6-6. Veterinary Nutrition Residency at University of Tennessee Sponsored by The Farmer's Dog
Illustration 6-7. Royal Canin Fresh Health Nutrition from Mars
Illustration 6-8. 2025 Hill's Pet Nutrition World of the Cat Report
Omnimarket Perspectives
Figure 6-7. Purchasing of Pet Food by Selected Channels: Online, Pet Specialty, and Veterinary, 2017 vs. 2024 (percent of customers)
Figure 6-8. Hill's and Purina Pro Plan Pet Food/Treat Shopping Patterns by Selected Channels: Online, Pet Specialty, and Veterinary, 2017 vs. 2024 (percent)
Figure 6-9. Channel Purchasing Patterns Among Household Spending $500 or More Annually on Pet Food: Veterinary Channel vs. Leading Retailers/Retail Sectors, 2024 (index)
Figure 6-10. Customer Base Among Households Spending $500 or More Annually on Pet Food: Veterinary Channel vs. Leading Retailers/Retail Sectors, 2024 (thousand households)
Topline Sales Projections
Table 6-10. Projected US Sales of Pet Food/Treats: Overall and by Veterinary vs. Retail Sectors, 2024 vs. 2029P (million dollars and percent change)
Usage Rates and Customer Base for Veterinary Pet Food
Table 6-11a. Usage Rates for Veterinary Pet Food Products: Overall and by Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/cat veterinary customer households)
Table 6-11b. Customer Base for Veterinary Pet Food Products: Overall and by Dog/Cat Ownership, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of dog/cat households)
Shares of Veterinary Pet Food Customers by Dog/Cat Ownership
Top Demographics for Veterinary Pet Food
Figure 6-11. Top Demographics for Use of Veterinary Pet Food Products, 2024 (base index among dog/cat veterinary customers = 100)
Table 6-12. Demographic Gains/Losses in Customer Base for Veterinary Pet Food Products: By Household Income Bracket, 2021 vs. 2024 (thousands households and percent)
Table 6-13a. Usage Rates for Veterinary Pet food by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (percent of dog/cat veterinary customer households)
Table 6-13b. Customer Base for Veterinary Pet Food Products by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (thousands of dog/cat households)
Table 6-13c. Usage Indexes for Veterinary Pet Food Products by Demographic, 2021 - 2024 (base index among dog/cat veterinary customer households = 100)
VETERINARY SECTOR AND NON-MEDICAL PET SERVICES
Overall Non-Medical Pet Service Sales
Table 6-14. Overall US Sales of Core Non-Medical Pet Services, 2019 - 2024 (million dollars and percent change)