세계 수소 연료전지 자동차 시장 규모는 2023년 8억 7,037만 달러에서 2024년부터 2031년까지 예측 기간 동안 31.14%의 CAGR로 2031년에는 76억 1,352만 달러 규모로 성장할 것으로 예측됩니다.
대체 연료로 달리는 자동차에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있습니다. 전기화뿐만 아니라 하이브리드도 승용차 및 상용차에 점차 통합되고 있습니다. 이는 정부의 전기차 및 연료전지 하이브리드 차량에 대한 인센티브와 최종사용자들 사이에서 높아진 인식에 기인합니다. 자동차 제조업체들은 수소연료전지 자동차에 대한 전 세계적인 수요 증가에 대응하기 위해 제조 및 연구 시설을 확장하고 있습니다. 주행거리가 길고, 효율이 높으며, 배출가스가 적은 첨단 하이브리드 차량도 신뢰할 수 있고 지속가능한 에너지를 위해 수소 연료전지 추진을 채택하고 있습니다.
환경, 에너지 안보, 교통 탈탄소화에 대한 인식이 높아짐:
대기오염과 기후변화의 영향 등 환경 문제에 대한 전 세계인의 인식이 높아지면서 깨끗하고 지속가능한 운송 솔루션에 대한 수요가 증가하고 있습니다. 무공해 자동차의 채택을 촉진하는 정부의 규제와 정책은 수소연료전지 자동차의 채택에 중요한 역할을 하고 있습니다. 정부와 산업계는 에너지 안보를 강화하고 화석 연료에 대한 의존도를 줄이기 위해 수소 기술에 투자하고 있습니다. 전 세계가 교통수단의 탈탄소화를 향해 나아가고 있는 가운데, 수소 연료전지 자동차 도입은 큰 원동력이 되고 있습니다. 각국은 내연기관차(ICE)를 단계적으로 폐지하고 수소차를 포함한 무공해 차량으로 전환하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다.
재생 가능한 수소 생산 및 기술 향상:
ICE 추진에서 연료전지 시스템으로의 급속한 전환으로 자동차 제조업체들은 추가 시스템 채택을 추진하고 있습니다. 이러한 추가 외에도 수소의 가용성 또한 조사 단계에 있습니다. 최근 몇 년 동안 새로운 탐사 방법을 통해 새로운 사이트가 발견되고 있으며, 당국은 이러한 개발을 위한 자금도 제공하고 있습니다.
성장을 뒷받침하는 정부 지원 정책 및 수소연료 공급 인프라 확대:
어떤 신기술도 정부 당국의 지원과 제대로 작동하는 인프라 없이는 완전한 도입이 불가능합니다. 정부는 자동차 제조업체에 보조금을 제공하고 새로운 연료 공급 스테이션을 개발하고 있습니다. 정부는 자동차 배출가스 제한에 중점을 두고 있으며, 수소 연료전지 자동차 생산에 종사하는 자동차 제조업체에 인센티브, 보조금, 융자금을 제공하고 있습니다.
세계 수소 연료전지 자동차 시장을 조사했으며, 시장 정의와 개요, 시장 규모 추정 및 예측, 각종 부문별·지역별 상세 분석, 산업 구조, 시장 성장에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석, 사례 연구, 경쟁 상황, 주요 기업 개요 등의 정보를 정리하여 전해드립니다.
Global hydrogen fuel cell vehicle market is projected to witness a CAGR of 31.14% during the forecast period 2024-2031, growing from USD 870.37 million in 2023 to USD 7613.52 million in 2031.
The increased demand for vehicles that run on alternative fuel is increasing. Apart from the electrification, the hybridization procedure is also gradually integrating with passenger and commercial vehicles. There is a rising awareness among end-users along with the government incentivizing the overall EV and fuel-cell hybrid vehicle market. Automakers are expanding their manufacturing and research facilities to serve the increasing demand for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles globally. Advanced hybrid vehicles with longer range, efficiency, and lower emission also adopt hydrogen fuel cell propulsion for reliable and sustainable energy.
A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle uses a hydrogen cell to drive an electric motor. Hydrogen gas is utilized as a primary fuel source to power a hydrogen cell to generate electricity by electrolysis within a fuel cell. In the fuel cell, hydrogen reacts with oxygen from the air to produce electricity, which is then utilized to power an electric motor that drives the vehicle. Unlike regular gasoline-powered vehicles, FCVs do not release tailpipe emissions, with the only result being water vapor. This technology provides a clean and sustainable alternative in the automotive industry, helping to reduce air pollution and reliance on fossil fuels. The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle can reduce CO2 emissions in the transportation sector.
Hydrogen FCVs frequently offer a larger driving range than various battery-electric vehicles, for long-distance travel. Furthermore, the exploration of new hydrogen reserves and focus on efficient fuel cell technology is likely to create opportunities for market growth. Additionally, companies are adding new features along with hydrogen fuel cell propulsion in their older models and relaunching.
For instance, in November 2023, Dongfeng Nissan launched its first hydrogen-powered car. The fuel-cell variant of the V-Online, also known as the "Big V" SUV, is part of the brand's Venucia lineup under the Dongfeng Nissan brand. The company plans to demonstrate the fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) for the first time commercially in the Huadu District of Guangzhou.
Rising Awareness Towards Environment, Energy Security, and Decarbonize Transportation
As the world becomes more aware of environmental issues, including air pollution and the effects of climate change, the demand for clean and sustainable transport solutions increases. Government regulations and policies that promote zero-emission vehicle adoption play an important role in the adoption of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Governments and industry are investing in hydrogen technology to enhance energy security and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. As the world moves towards decarbonization of transportation, hydrogen FCV adoption is a major driver. Nations are trying to phase out internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and moving towards zero-emission options, including hydrogen-powered vehicles.
In February 2024, Honda Motor Co. Ltd. revealed a plug-in hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle named CR-V e-FCEV that would be launched in 2025. The compact CUV has a 270-mile EPA driving range and fast hydrogen refuelling for longer trips. The next-generation Honda Fuel Cell Module, co-developed with General Motors, reduces costs by two-thirds compared to the Honda Clarity Fuel Cell. Moreover, the system's durability has been doubled by the application of corrosion-resistant materials.
Renewable Hydrogen Production and Technological Upgrades
The rapid shift from ICE propulsion to fuel cell systems has led automakers to adopt additional systems. Apart from these additions, the availability of hydrogen globally is also under exploration phase. New sites are being discovered lately with new exploration methods while authorities also provide funding to develop these sites.
For instance, in October 2023, two researchers in France discovered the world's largest hydrogen deposit, potentially holding 6 million to 250 million tons at a depth of 1,250 meters, revolutionizing clean energy production.
Other than production, the major hydrogen car manufacturers focus on building technology that holds the potential to replace ICE and BEV completely. The focus is on building vehicles that are highly efficient, sustainable, and scalable for functions. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are in high demand due to fast charging, durability, and reliability.
Supportive Government Policies and Expanding Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure to Fuel Growth
No new technology can be fully implemented without the support of government authorities and properly functional infrastructure. The governments develop new fuelling stations along with the subsidies they provide to the automakers. The government's focus on limiting vehicular emissions leads to providing incentives, grants, and loans to the automakers indulged in hydrogen fuel cell vehicle manufacturing.
For instance, in September 2023, the Dutch government provided USD 135.95 million to promote hydrogen-powered transport. From 2024 to 2028, the scheme is expected to see 40 new hydrogen refueling stations built and several thousand hydrogen vehicles purchased. The grant scheme aims to address the two-part issue of hydrogen refuelling infrastructure and vehicles. Businesses applying for a grant are going to be able to build a hydrogen filling station and purchase enough heavy-duty vehicles or light-duty vehicles to make the station profitable from day one.
Apart from the fuelling infrastructure, the government policies and funding to develop hydrogen-based mobility solutions for public, personal, and commercial vehicles are also adding value to the market growth. For instance, in February 2024, the Government of India initiated green hydrogen pilot programs with a budget of nearly USD 60 million. The Ministry of New & Renewable Energy's hydrogen for transportation project aims to promote green hydrogen technologies and infrastructure development in the transportation sector.
Higher Efficiency, Fast and Cold Start-up Capabilities, and Durability to Fuel the Segmental Growth
Based on technology, the fuel cell market is divided into the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), direct methanol fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, and others. PEMFC holds the largest market share due to its efficiency, low start-up time, low operating temperatures, lower emissions, and durability. PEM fuel cells are highly efficient, quick to respond to power demand, and operate at moderately lower temperatures, making them ideal for automotive applications. Their compact and lightweight design makes them ideal for integrating fuel cell systems into passenger vehicles, ensuring optimal performance. Furthermore, this segment is largely accepted due to its faster refueling time, higher safety, and enhanced efficiency.
For instance, in September 2023, Tata Motors delivered first-of-its-kind hydrogen fuel cell-powered buses to Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. The buses use hydrogen-based proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell technology. As per the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), Tata Motors and the Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCL) will continue to develop the core technology associated with PEM fuel cells over the coming years.
North America Region Leads in Global Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Market
North America with its leading technology and higher investments is likely to hold a decent share in the global market. The presence of major automakers with extensive research and development space contributes to the market growth. Programs to promote clean vehicles and reduce GHG emissions have stimulated consumer and industry demand for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). North America has seen considerable investment in the development of hydrogen infrastructure, including production plants and refuelling facilities, which addresses one of the biggest barriers to HFC vehicle adoption. The government collaborates with automakers to build infrastructure that helps them transition from ICE vehicles to FCE vehicles.
For instance, in November 2023, Toyota Motors announced its plan to develop a renewable energy and hydrogen generation plant at California's Port of Long Beach. The project will generate hydrogen fuel, electricity, and water by using bio-waste from California's huge agricultural sector. It will be the first megawatt-scale operation. The "Tri-Gen" facility is expected to generate 1.2 tons of hydrogen fuel and over 2 megawatts of electricity, on daily basis.
Future Market Scenario (2024-2031F)
Higher subsidies, incentives, and production-linked grants are anticipated to gain traction in the global market.
Newly developed efficient fuel cell technology, hybrid models, and fast-fuelling modules are expected to fuel the market expansion.
The extensive research and development programs and new hydrogen reserves are likely to flourish in market growth.
Companies' efforts for affordable hydrogen fuel and higher efficiency are projected to contribute to the increase in the sales of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
Key Players Landscape and Outlook
The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle market comprises major automotive players that have experimented with hydrogen as a fuel and are constantly upgrading the technology to increase its adoption rate. Key players in the market also try to build efficient technologies that limit the operational cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. New companies collaborate to strengthen their supply chain. Furthermore, companies partner and collaborate with fuel cell system developers to benefit from their manufacturing expertise.
For instance, in August 2023, Ballard Power Systems and Ford Trucks teamed together to build heavy-duty trucks that run on fuel cells by incorporating the company's technological know-how into their vehicles. With the FCmove-XDs 120kW fuel cell engines, Ford Trucks intends to construct the FCEV F-MAX, which will be mounted in the 44-ton F-MAX long-distance tractor truck.
In February 2024, Hyundai Motor showcased its Nexo hydrogen fuel cell vehicle at Bharat Mobility Global Expo 2024. Powered by a second-generation hydrogen fuel cell system, NEXO emits zero tailpipe emissions. The NEXO has zero tailpipe emissions and enhances air quality through its air filter, which removes micro-particulates and expels unused air, thereby improving the overall driving experience.
In September 2023, Toyota Motor Corporation unveiled the hydrogen fuel cell electric Hilux prototype. With the use of this technology, the development of hydrogen fuel cell solutions to provide carbon neutrality is accelerated. It makes use of fundamental components from the Toyota Mirai hydrogen fuel cell electric automobile, a vehicle whose technology has been proven successful in nearly a decade of widespread usage.
All segments will be provided for all regions and countries covered
Companies mentioned above DO NOT hold any order as per market share and can be changed as per information available during research work.