한글목차

어류 사료 시장(2024-2028년)

어류 사료 시장은 2023-2028년 119억 6,920만 달러로 예측되며 예측 기간 동안 6.6%의 CAGR로 성장할 것으로 예상됩니다. 이 보고서는 어류 사료 시장에 대한 전반적인 분석, 시장 규모와 예측, 동향, 성장 촉진요인, 과제, 약 25개 벤더에 대한 벤더 분석 등의 정보를 전해드립니다.

현재 시장 시나리오, 최신 동향 및 촉진요인, 전체 시장 환경에 대한 최신 분석을 제공합니다. 시장은 양식업에 의한 수산물 생산량 증가, 수생동물 식품 소비 증가, 가계 소득 증가에 의해 주도되고 있습니다.

이 보고서는 향후 몇 년 동안 어류 사료 시장의 성장을 촉진하는 주요 요인 중 하나로 정부 지원을 꼽았습니다. 또한, 지속가능한 어류 사료와 생산능력 향상에 대한 관심도 시장의 큰 수요로 이어질 것으로 보입니다.

목차

제1장 주요 요약

• 시장 개요

제2장 Technavio 분석

• 가격·수명주기·고객 구입 바스켓·채용률·구입 기준 분석
• 인풋의 중요성과 차별화 요인
• 혼란 요인
• 성장 촉진요인과 과제의 영향

제3장 시장 상황

• 시장 생태계
• 시장의 특징
• 밸류체인 분석

제4장 시장 규모

• 시장 정의
• 시장 부문 분석
• 시장 규모 2023년
• 시장 전망 2023-2028년

제5장 시장 규모 실적

• 어류 사료료 세계 시장 2018-2022년
• 제품 유형별 부문 분석 2018-2022년
• 유형별 부문 분석 2018-2022년
• 지역별 부문 분석 2018-2022년
• 국가별 부문 분석 2018-2022년

제6장 정성 분석

• AI의 영향 : 어류 사료료 세계 시장

제7장 Five Forces 분석

• Five Forces 요약
• 구매자의 교섭력
• 공급 기업의 교섭력
• 신규 참여업체의 위협
• 대체품의 위협
• 경쟁의 위협
• 시장 상황

제8장 시장 세분화 : 제품 유형별

• 시장 부문
• 비교 : 제품 유형별
• 펠릿 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 압출 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 분말 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 액체 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 시장 기회 : 제품 유형별

제9장 시장 세분화 : 유형별

• 시장 부문
• 비교 : 유형별
• 잉어 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 틸라피아 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 연어 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 메기 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 기타 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 시장 기회 : 유형별

제10장 고객 상황

• 고객 상황 개요

제11장 지역별 상황

• 지역별 세분화
• 비교 : 지역별
• 아시아태평양 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 유럽 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 북미 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 남미 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 중동 및 아프리카 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 중국 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 미국 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 인도 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 베트남 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 인도네시아 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 태국 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 노르웨이 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 칠레 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 프랑스 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 브라질 : 시장 규모와 예측 2023-2028년
• 지역 상황에 의한 시장 기회

제12장 촉진요인, 과제, 기회, 억제요인

• 시장 성장 촉진요인
• 시장 과제
• 성장 촉진요인과 과제의 영향
• 시장 기회·억제요인

제13장 경쟁 구도

• 개요
• 경쟁 구도
• 혼란 상황
• 산업 리스크

제14장 경쟁 분석

• 기업 개요
• 기업 순위 지수
• 기업의 시장 포지셔닝
• Aller Aqua AS
• Alltech Inc.
• Bern Aqua NV
• BioMar Group
• Cargill Inc.
• Feed One Co. Ltd.
• Grand Fish Feed
• Growel Feeds Pvt. Ltd.
• HappyFeeds
• Mowi ASA
• Skretting
• Specialised Aquatic Feeds
• Sreema Feeds
• The Scoular Co.
• Zeigler Bros Inc.

제15장 부록

영문목차

Fish Feed Market 2024-2028

The fish feed market is forecasted to grow by USD 11969.2 mn during 2023-2028, accelerating at a CAGR of 6.6% during the forecast period. The report on the fish feed market provides a holistic analysis, market size and forecast, trends, growth drivers, and challenges, as well as vendor analysis covering around 25 vendors.

The report offers an up-to-date analysis regarding the current market scenario, the latest trends and drivers, and the overall market environment. The market is driven by rising production of seafood through aquaculture, increasing consumption of aquatic animal foods, and growing household income.

Technavio's fish feed market is segmented as below:

By Product Type

• Pellets
• Extruded
• Powdered
• Liquid

By Type

• Carp
• Tilapia
• Salmon
• Catfish
• Others

By Geographical Landscape

• APAC
• Europe
• North America
• South America
• Middle East and Africa

This study identifies the government support as one of the prime reasons driving the fish feed market growth during the next few years. Also, focus on sustainable fish feed and capacity additions will lead to sizable demand in the market.

The report on the fish feed market covers the following areas:

• Fish Feed Market sizing
• Fish Feed Market forecast
• Fish Feed Market industry analysis

The robust vendor analysis is designed to help clients improve their market position, and in line with this, this report provides a detailed analysis of several leading fish feed market vendors that include Aller Aqua AS, Alltech Inc., Bern Aqua NV, BioMar Group, Cargill Inc., Feed One Co. Ltd., Grand Fish Feed, Growel Feeds Pvt. Ltd., HappyFeeds, Heritage Nutrivet Ltd., Hosokawa Alpine Group, Mowi ASA, Skretting, Sneha Group, Specialised Aquatic Feeds, Sreema Feeds, Suhyup Feed, The Scoular Co., World Feeds Ltd, and Zeigler Bros Inc.. Also, the fish feed market analysis report includes information on upcoming trends and challenges that will influence market growth. This is to help companies strategize and leverage all forthcoming growth opportunities.

The study was conducted using an objective combination of primary and secondary information including inputs from key participants in the industry. The report contains a comprehensive market and vendor landscape in addition to an analysis of the key vendors.

The publisher presents a detailed picture of the market by the way of study, synthesis, and summation of data from multiple sources by an analysis of key parameters such as profit, pricing, competition, and promotions. It presents various market facets by identifying the key industry influencers. The data presented is comprehensive, reliable, and a result of extensive primary and secondary research. The market research reports provide a complete competitive landscape and an in-depth vendor selection methodology and analysis using qualitative and quantitative research to forecast accurate market growth.

Table of Contents

1 Executive Summary

• 1.1 Market overview
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Overview
  • Executive Summary - Data Table on Market Overview
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Global Market Characteristics
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market By Geographical Landscape
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Product Type
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Market Segmentation by Type
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Incremental Growth
  • Executive Summary - Data Table on Incremental Growth
  • Executive Summary - Chart on Company Market Positioning

2 Technavio Analysis

• 2.1 Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
  • Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria
• 2.2 Criticality of inputs and Factors of differentiation
  • Overview on criticality of inputs and factors of differentiation
• 2.3 Factors of disruption
  • Overview on factors of disruption
• 2.4 Impact of drivers and challenges
  • Impact of drivers and challenges in 2023 and 2028

3 Market Landscape

• 3.1 Market ecosystem
  • Parent Market
  • Data Table on - Parent Market
• 3.2 Market characteristics
  • Market characteristics analysis
• 3.3 Value chain analysis
  • Value chain analysis

4 Market Sizing

• 4.1 Market definition
  • Offerings of companies included in the market definition
• 4.2 Market segment analysis
  • Market segments
• 4.3 Market size 2023
• 4.4 Market outlook: Forecast for 2023-2028
  • Chart on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Global - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Global Market: Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)

5 Historic Market Size

• 5.1 Global Fish Feed Market 2018 - 2022
  • Historic Market Size - Data Table on Global Fish Feed Market 2018 - 2022 ($ million)
• 5.2 Product Type segment analysis 2018 - 2022
  • Historic Market Size - Product Type Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million)
• 5.3 Type segment analysis 2018 - 2022
  • Historic Market Size - Type Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million)
• 5.4 Geography segment analysis 2018 - 2022
  • Historic Market Size - Geography Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million)
• 5.5 Country segment analysis 2018 - 2022
  • Historic Market Size - Country Segment 2018 - 2022 ($ million)

6 Qualitative Analysis

• 6.1 Impact of AI on the Global Fish Feed Market

7 Five Forces Analysis

• 7.1 Five forces summary
  • Five forces analysis - Comparison between 2023 and 2028
• 7.2 Bargaining power of buyers
  • Bargaining power of buyers - Impact of key factors 2023 and 2028
• 7.3 Bargaining power of suppliers
  • Bargaining power of suppliers - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• 7.4 Threat of new entrants
  • Threat of new entrants - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• 7.5 Threat of substitutes
  • Threat of substitutes - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• 7.6 Threat of rivalry
  • Threat of rivalry - Impact of key factors in 2023 and 2028
• 7.7 Market condition
  • Chart on Market condition - Five forces 2023 and 2028

8 Market Segmentation by Product Type

• 8.1 Market segments
  • Chart on Product Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Product Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
• 8.2 Comparison by Product Type
  • Chart on Comparison by Product Type
  • Data Table on Comparison by Product Type
• 8.3 Pellets - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Pellets - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Pellets - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Pellets - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Pellets - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 8.4 Extruded - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Extruded - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Extruded - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Extruded - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Extruded - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 8.5 Powdered - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Powdered - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Powdered - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Powdered - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Powdered - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 8.6 Liquid - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Liquid - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Liquid - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Liquid - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Liquid - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 8.7 Market opportunity by Product Type
  • Market opportunity by Product Type ($ million)
  • Data Table on Market opportunity by Product Type ($ million)

9 Market Segmentation by Type

• 9.1 Market segments
  • Chart on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Type - Market share 2023-2028 (%)
• 9.2 Comparison by Type
  • Chart on Comparison by Type
  • Data Table on Comparison by Type
• 9.3 Carp - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Carp - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Carp - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Carp - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Carp - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 9.4 Tilapia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Tilapia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Tilapia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Tilapia - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Tilapia - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 9.5 Salmon - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Salmon - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Salmon - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Salmon - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Salmon - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 9.6 Catfish - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Catfish - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Catfish - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Catfish - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Catfish - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 9.7 Others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Others - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Others - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Others - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 9.8 Market opportunity by Type
  • Market opportunity by Type ($ million)
  • Data Table on Market opportunity by Type ($ million)

10 Customer Landscape

• 10.1 Customer landscape overview
  • Analysis of price sensitivity, lifecycle, customer purchase basket, adoption rates, and purchase criteria

11 Geographic Landscape

• 11.1 Geographic segmentation
  • Chart on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Market share By Geographical Landscape 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.2 Geographic comparison
  • Chart on Geographic comparison
  • Data Table on Geographic comparison
• 11.3 APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on APAC - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on APAC - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.4 Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Europe - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Europe - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.5 North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on North America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on North America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.6 South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on South America - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on South America - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.7 Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Middle East and Africa - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.8 China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on China - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on China - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.9 US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on US - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on US - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.10 India - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on India - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on India - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on India - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on India - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.11 Vietnam - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Vietnam - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Vietnam - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Vietnam - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Vietnam - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.12 Indonesia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Indonesia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Indonesia - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Indonesia - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Indonesia - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.13 Thailand - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Thailand - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Thailand - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Thailand - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Thailand - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.14 Norway - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Norway - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Norway - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Norway - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Norway - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.15 Chile - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Chile - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Chile - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Chile - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Chile - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.16 France - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on France - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on France - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on France - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on France - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.17 Brazil - Market size and forecast 2023-2028
  • Chart on Brazil - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Data Table on Brazil - Market size and forecast 2023-2028 ($ million)
  • Chart on Brazil - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
  • Data Table on Brazil - Year-over-year growth 2023-2028 (%)
• 11.18 Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape
  • Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)
  • Data Tables on Market opportunity By Geographical Landscape ($ million)

12 Drivers, Challenges, and Opportunity/Restraints

• 12.1 Market drivers
• 12.2 Market challenges
• 12.3 Impact of drivers and challenges
  • Impact of drivers and challenges in 2023 and 2028
• 12.4 Market opportunities/restraints

13 Competitive Landscape

• 13.1 Overview
• 13.2 Competitive Landscape
  • Overview on criticality of inputs and factors of differentiation
• 13.3 Landscape disruption
  • Overview on factors of disruption
• 13.4 Industry risks
  • Impact of key risks on business

14 Competitive Analysis

• 14.1 Companies profiled
  • Companies covered
• 14.2 Company ranking index
  • Company ranking index
• 14.3 Market positioning of companies
  • Matrix on companies position and classification
• 14.4 Aller Aqua AS
  • Aller Aqua AS - Overview
  • Aller Aqua AS - Product / Service
  • Aller Aqua AS - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.5 Alltech Inc.
  • Alltech Inc. - Overview
  • Alltech Inc. - Product / Service
  • Alltech Inc. - Key news
  • Alltech Inc. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.6 Bern Aqua NV
  • Bern Aqua NV - Overview
  • Bern Aqua NV - Product / Service
  • Bern Aqua NV - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.7 BioMar Group
  • BioMar Group - Overview
  • BioMar Group - Product / Service
  • BioMar Group - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.8 Cargill Inc.
  • Cargill Inc. - Overview
  • Cargill Inc. - Product / Service
  • Cargill Inc. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.9 Feed One Co. Ltd.
  • Feed One Co. Ltd. - Overview
  • Feed One Co. Ltd. - Product / Service
  • Feed One Co. Ltd. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.10 Grand Fish Feed
  • Grand Fish Feed - Overview
  • Grand Fish Feed - Product / Service
  • Grand Fish Feed - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.11 Growel Feeds Pvt. Ltd.
  • Growel Feeds Pvt. Ltd. - Overview
  • Growel Feeds Pvt. Ltd. - Product / Service
  • Growel Feeds Pvt. Ltd. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.12 HappyFeeds
  • HappyFeeds - Overview
  • HappyFeeds - Product / Service
  • HappyFeeds - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.13 Mowi ASA
  • Mowi ASA - Overview
  • Mowi ASA - Business segments
  • Mowi ASA - Key offerings
  • Mowi ASA - Segment focus
  • SWOT
• 14.14 Skretting
  • Skretting - Overview
  • Skretting - Product / Service
  • Skretting - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.15 Specialised Aquatic Feeds
  • Specialised Aquatic Feeds - Overview
  • Specialised Aquatic Feeds - Product / Service
  • Specialised Aquatic Feeds - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.16 Sreema Feeds
  • Sreema Feeds - Overview
  • Sreema Feeds - Product / Service
  • Sreema Feeds - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.17 The Scoular Co.
  • The Scoular Co. - Overview
  • The Scoular Co. - Product / Service
  • The Scoular Co. - Key offerings
  • SWOT
• 14.18 Zeigler Bros Inc.
  • Zeigler Bros Inc. - Overview
  • Zeigler Bros Inc. - Product / Service
  • Zeigler Bros Inc. - Key offerings
  • SWOT

15 Appendix

• 15.1 Scope of the report
• 15.2 Inclusions and exclusions checklist
  • Inclusions checklist
  • Exclusions checklist
• 15.3 Currency conversion rates for US$
  • Currency conversion rates for US$
• 15.4 Research methodology
  • Research methodology
• 15.5 Data procurement
  • Information sources
• 15.6 Data validation
  • Data validation
• 15.7 Validation techniques employed for market sizing
  • Validation techniques employed for market sizing
• 15.8 Data synthesis
  • Data synthesis
• 15.9 360 degree market analysis
  • 360 degree market analysis
• 15.10 List of abbreviations
  • List of abbreviations