세계의 HIV 치료제 시장 규모는 2024년에 328억 5,000만 달러에 달했습니다. IMARC Group은 향후 이 시장이 2033년까지 450억 7,000만 달러에 달할 전망이며, 2025-2033년 3.40%의 연평균 복합 성장률(CAGR)로 성장할 것으로 예측하고 있습니다. 현재 북미가 시장을 독점하고 있으며 2024년에는 45.7%가 넘는 큰 시장 점유율을 차지했습니다. HIV 치료제 시장 점유율은 HIV 및 AIDS에 대한 인식과 예방 노력의 증대, 전 세계 HIV 및 AIDS 유병률 증가, 보다 효과적이고 이용하기 쉬운 항레트로바이러스 요법에 초점을 맞춘 다양한 연구 개발의 진행으로 꾸준한 성장을 이루고 있습니다.
다양한 조직이 방대한 양의 구조화 및 비구조화 데이터를 활용하여 의사결정을 실시하고, 고객 경험을 향상시키며 업무를 강화하는 것의 중요성을 인식하고 있습니다. 빅데이터 이용 확대, AI 및 기계학습 기술 혁신, 클라우드 컴퓨팅 이용 영역 확대가 이 동향을 더욱 높이고 있습니다. 게다가 다양한 산업에서 데이터 주도 의사결정에 대한 수요 고조가, HIV 치료제의 수요를 촉진하고 있습니다. 그 외, 디지털 전환 프로젝트의 증가 및 경쟁 압력이나 시장 요구의 변화에 대응하기 위한 실시간 분석에 대한 수요가, 시장 성장의 주요 촉진 요인이 되고 있습니다.
미국은 분석이 운영 최적화와 전략 입안에 매우 중요한 다양한 부문에서 디지털 전환에 대한 대처가 확산되고 있는 것을 배경으로 주요 시장 파괴자로서 눈에 띄고 있습니다. 방위 부문에서 선진 기술의 도입을 향한 대처의 증가는, HIV 치료제 시장의 성장에 새로운 성장의 길을 열고 있습니다. 예를 들면, 미국 국방부는 2024년 7월, 싱가포르 국방부와 데이터, 분석, 인공지능의 협력에 관한 의향 표명(SOI)에 서명했습니다. 이 SOI는 기술 협력을 위한 포괄적인 기법을 도입하는 것으로 양국 국방부는 데이터, 분석, AI 능력을 속도와 스케일로 활용하기 위한 접근 방식을 검토하고 모범 사례를 논의할 수 있습니다.
HIV 및 AIDS 만연 확대
HIV 및 AIDS의 세계적 유행은 여전히 공중위생상의 중대한 문제이며, 산업 보고에 따르면 2021년 시점에서 세계에서 약 3,800만 명이 HIV와 함께 생활하고 있습니다. 이 만연한 증가는 HIV 치료제의 수요를 직접적으로 촉진합니다. 특히 예방 대책에 대한 접근이 제한된 지역에서는 새로운 감염자가 계속 나오고 있어 효과적인 치료 옵션의 필요성이 높아지고 있습니다. 특히 사하라 이남 아프리카와 아시아, 동유럽 일부 지역에서는 HIV 감염률이 높기 때문에 HIV 치료제의 요체인 항레트로바이러스요법(ART)의 지속적인 보급이 필요합니다.
치료법의 진보
최근 HIV 치료제 요법이 크게 진보하여 HIV 치료제 시장의 성장에 기여하고 있습니다. 복수의 항레트로 바이러스약을 조합한 고활성 항레트로 바이러스 요법(HAART)의 개발은, HIV 치료제에 혁명을 가져왔습니다. 이러한 진보는 HIV 치료제의 유효성을 향상시켰을 뿐만 아니라 부작용을 감소시켜 환자의 건강 관리 및 치료 성적의 향상으로 이어졌습니다. 인테그라제 저해제와 같은 새로운 약제 클래스의 도입과 장시간 작용형 주사약의 개발로 치료 선택지는 더욱 넓어져 환자의 다양한 요구나 기호에 대응할 수 있게 되었습니다. 예를 들어 2024년 길리어드사는 HIV 글래스고에서 HIV 예방을 위한 연 2회 투여 레나카파비르에 관한 제3상 PURPOSE2 검사의 완전한 결과를 발표했습니다. 이 조사에서는 레나카파비르가 HIV 감염을 96% 감소시켜 토르바다를 앞지른 것으로 실증되었습니다. 이러한 시장의 개척은, 치료 효과를 높여 환자의 컴플리언스를 향상시켜, 계속적인 HIV 치료제 시장의 성장을 지지하고 있습니다.
환자의 의식 증가
HIV 치료제 시장을 견인하는 주요 요인은 환자에서 인지도 및 진단률이 증가하는 것입니다. 예를 들면 인도에서는, 국가 에이즈 대책 계획(NACP)이 2020-2021년 사이에 약 4,800만 건의 HIV 검사를 실시해, 그 중에는 임산부의 2,480만 건의 검사도 포함되어 있습니다. 2022-2023년 첫 6개월 동안에는 약 3,100만 건의 HIV 검사가 실시되었으며, 2022-2023년 전 기간 동안에는 6,000만 건 이상의 검사가 실시된 것으로 평가되고 있습니다. 이 검사 수의 증가로 인해 진단을 받고 그 후 치료를 받는 사람의 수가 증가하고 있습니다. 2022년 9월 현재, 인도에서 항레트로바이러스(ARV) 치료를 받고 있는 HIV 감염자는 약 162만 4,000명으로, 전년부터 11만 명 증가했습니다. 공중 보건 캠페인이나 교육적 대처에 의해, HIV 및 AIDS에 대한 이해가 깊어지고, 편견이 희미해져, 검사를 받는 사람이 증가했습니다. 또한, 조기 진단 기술의 향상도 HIV의 발견율을 높여 치료를 받는 사람의 증가에 기여하고 있습니다. 이러한 진단율 상승 및 특히 유병률이 높은 지역에서 HIV 검사를 개선하기 위한 지속적인 노력이 맞물려 효과적인 HIV 치료제에 대한 수요가 계속 높아지고 있습니다.
병용 요법에 대한 관심 증가
병용 요법은 HIV 치료제의 표준이 되어, 복수의 항레트로 바이러스약을 사용하는 것으로 효능을 높여, 약물 내성을 방지하고 있습니다. 조제(FDC)의 개발과 승인으로 치료 레지멘이 간소화되고 애드히어런스와 환자의 전귀가 개선되었습니다. 제약회사는 알약의 부담 경감이나 환자의 컴플라이언스 향상 등 단제요법과 비교해 몇 가지 이점이 있는 이러한 병용요법의 개발에 점점 주력하고 있습니다. 주요 기업인 길리어드 사이언스사는 병용 요법인 빅터비의 매출이 호조를 보이고 있다고 보고하고 있습니다. 2024년 4분기 빅터비는 38억 달러의 매출을 달성해 전년 대비 21% 증가했습니다. 이 성장은 길리어드사의 동분기 HIV 치료제 매출액 합계 76억 달러에 공헌했습니다. 헬스케어 공급자와 환자 사이에서 병용 요법에 대한 기호가 높아지고 있는 것은 HIV 치료제 시장의 전망을 밝게 하는 중요한 요인입니다.
The global HIV drugs market size was valued at USD 32.85 Billion in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group estimates the market to reach USD 45.07 Billion by 2033, exhibiting a CAGR of 3.40% during 2025-2033. North America currently dominates the market, holding a significant market share of over 45.7% in 2024. The HIV drugs market share is experiencing steady growth due to the increasing awareness and prevention efforts, growing prevalence of HIV/AIDS across the globe, and ongoing various research and development initiatives focused on more effective and accessible antiretroviral therapies.
Various organizations are identifying the significance of leveraging vast volumes of structured and unstructured data to make decisions, enhance customer experience, and enhance operations. Growing use of big data, innovations in AI and machine learning technologies, and broadening use areas of cloud computing have further increased this trend. Additionally, increased demand for data-driven decision-making across various industries is driving the HIV drugs demand. Besides, the growth in digital transformation projects and the demand for real-time analytics to respond to competitive pressures and changing market needs are the major drivers of the growth of the market.
The United States stands out as a key market disruptor, driven by widespread digital transformation initiatives across diverse sectors where analytics is pivotal for operational optimization and strategic planning. The increasing initiatives for implementing advanced technologies in the defense sector are opening new growth avenues for the HIV drugs market growth. For instance, in July 2024, The United States Department of Defense signed a Statement of Intent (SOI) for data, analytics, and artificial intelligence cooperation with the Singapore Ministry of Defense. The SOI deploys a holistic method for technological collaboration, allowing both defense establishments to examine approaches and discuss the best practices for leveraging data, analytics, and AI capabilities at speed and scale.
Growing Prevalence of HIV/AIDS
The global HIV/AIDS epidemic remains a critical public health issue, with approximately 38 million people living with HIV worldwide as of 2021, according to an industry report. This increased prevalence directly drives the demand for HIV drugs. As new cases continue to emerge, especially in regions with limited access to preventive measures, the need for effective treatment options intensifies. The high transmission rate of HIV, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and certain parts of Asia and Eastern Europe, necessitates sustained and increased availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which remains the cornerstone of HIV treatment.
Advancements in Treatments
Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in HIV treatment regimens, contributing to the growth of the HIV drugs market. The development of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which combines multiple antiretroviral drugs, has revolutionized HIV treatment. These advancements have not only improved the effectiveness of HIV drugs but also reduced side effects, leading to better patient adherence and outcomes. The introduction of newer drug classes like integrase inhibitors and the development of long-acting injectables have further expanded treatment options, catering to diverse patient needs and preferences. For example, in 2024, Gilead shared complete Phase 3 PURPOSE 2 trial results on twice-yearly lenacapavir for HIV prevention at HIV Glasgow. The research demonstrated lenacapavir lowered HIV infections by 96%, beating Truvada. These developments increase treatment effectiveness and also enhance patient compliance, underpinning ongoing HIV drugs market growth.
Increasing Awareness Among Patients
Rising awareness and diagnostic rates among patients represent the primary factor driving the HIV drugs market. In India, for instance, the National AIDS Control Programme (NACP) conducted approximately 48 million HIV tests in the 2020-21 period, including 24.8 million tests among pregnant women. In the first six months of 2022-23, around 31 million HIV tests were undertaken, with projections indicating that more than 60 million tests would be conducted during the entire 2022-23 period-the highest since the program's inception. This increase in testing has led to a rise in the number of individuals diagnosed and subsequently seeking treatment. As of September 2022, approximately 1.624 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) in India were on antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, an increase of 110,000 from the previous year. Public health campaigns and educational initiatives have increased the understanding of HIV/AIDS, reducing stigma and encouraging more people to get tested. Early and improved diagnostic techniques have also contributed to higher detection rates of HIV, subsequently increasing the number of individuals seeking treatment. This rise in diagnosis, coupled with ongoing efforts to improve HIV testing, particularly in regions with high prevalence rates, continues to fuel the demand for effective HIV medications.
Rising Focus on Combination Therapies
Combination therapies have become a standard in HIV treatment, involving the use of multiple antiretroviral drugs to enhance efficacy and prevent drug resistance. The development and approval of fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have simplified treatment regimens, improving adherence and patient outcomes. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly focusing on developing these combination therapies, which offer several advantages over monotherapy, including reduced pill burden and improved patient compliance. Gilead Sciences, a leading pharmaceutical company, reported robust sales of its combination therapy, Biktarvy. In the fourth quarter of 2024, Biktarvy achieved sales of USD 3.8 billion, marking a 21% increase from the previous year. This growth contributed to Gilead's total HIV drug revenue of USD 7.6 billion for the quarter. The growing preference for combination therapies among healthcare providers and patients is a key factor providing a positive HIV drugs market outlook.
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors lead the market with around 43.2% of market share in 2024. NRTIs, also known as nucleoside analogs, are a crucial class of HIV drugs. They inhibit the action of reverse transcriptase, an enzyme the virus uses to replicate its genetic material. NRTIs are often included as a backbone in HIV treatment regimens due to their effectiveness and safety. They are widely used as a first-line therapy, either alone or in combination with other drug classes, making them the largest segment in the HIV drugs market.
Multi-class combination products refer to antiretroviral therapies that combine drugs from different classes. These combinations are designed to target HIV from multiple angles, reducing the risk of resistance development and increasing treatment efficacy. They offer convenience by simplifying the regimen for patients and are often prescribed when NRTIs alone are insufficient.
Protease inhibitors (PIs) interfere with the protease enzyme, necessary for HIV maturation and replication. PIs are a vital part of combination therapies and have been instrumental in reducing HIV-related deaths. They are used in conjunction with other drug classes to suppress viral replication effectively.
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) block the integration of viral genetic material into the host cell's DNA, preventing viral replication. INSTIs have gained prominence due to their potent antiviral activity and favorable side-effect profiles. They are commonly used in first-line regimens and in treatment-experienced patients.
NNRTIs are another class of HIV drugs that target reverse transcriptase but do so differently from NRTIs. They bind to the enzyme and inhibit its activity. NNRTIs are often part of combination therapies and are especially useful in cases where resistance to other drug classes has developed.
CCR5 co-receptor antagonists block the CCR5 receptor on the surface of immune cells, preventing HIV from entering and infecting these cells. They are typically used in patients who are CCR5-tropic, meaning their virus uses the CCR5 co-receptor for entry.
Fusion inhibitors work by preventing the virus from fusing with the host cell membrane, thus inhibiting viral entry. This class of drugs is less commonly used than others due to their complex administration (usually by injection).
Hospital pharmacies lead the market with around 49.5% of market share in 2024. Hospital pharmacies constitute the largest segment in the HIV drugs market, primarily due to their role as essential providers of antiretroviral therapies to inpatients and outpatients living with HIV/AIDS. These pharmacies operate within healthcare institutions, including public and private hospitals, clinics, and specialty HIV treatment centers. They offer a wide range of HIV medications, ensuring access to the latest antiretroviral therapies for patients. Hospital pharmacies play a crucial role in medication management, counseling, and monitoring, contributing significantly to patient adherence and treatment outcomes. With a direct link to healthcare providers, hospital pharmacies are pivotal in the comprehensive care and management of HIV/AIDS patients.
Retail pharmacies, including independent drugstores and chain pharmacies, form another vital segment in the HIV drugs market. They serve as accessible points of care for individuals seeking prescription medications, including antiretroviral drugs. Retail pharmacies provide convenience and privacy for patients picking up their HIV medications. They play a critical role in supporting medication adherence through counseling and refill reminders. The retail segment is especially important for patients in urban and suburban areas who may not access hospital-based care regularly.
Online pharmacies have gained prominence as a convenient and discrete source of HIV medications. This segment caters to individuals who prefer the convenience of ordering their antiretroviral drugs online and having them delivered to their doorstep. Online pharmacies offer a wide selection of HIV medications, often at competitive prices. They may also provide telemedicine services, enabling patients to consult with healthcare professionals remotely. The online pharmacy segment has seen significant growth, particularly in regions with robust e-commerce infrastructure, and it serves as an option for individuals who face barriers to traditional pharmacy access.
In 2024, North America accounted for the largest market share of over 45.7%. North America dominates the global HIV drugs market due to its well-developed healthcare infrastructure, high awareness about HIV/AIDS, and access to advanced antiretroviral therapies. The region is characterized by extensive research and development activities, a large patient population, and significant government funding for HIV/AIDS programs. Furthermore, the presence of major pharmaceutical companies in North America contributes to the market's growth. The focus here is on innovative treatments, combination therapies, and efforts to reduce new infections through comprehensive prevention strategies.
Europe is a substantial market for HIV drugs, characterized by a well-regulated healthcare system and access to state-of-the-art treatments. The region has made progress in reducing HIV transmission rates, but it continues to face challenges related to stigma and late diagnosis. The market in Europe is driven by increasing awareness, comprehensive healthcare coverage, and collaborations between healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies to improve patient outcomes. Additionally, research into long-acting therapies and preventive measures like PrEP contributes to the market's development.
The Asia Pacific region is witnessing rapid growth in the HIV drugs market due to its large and diverse population, including many individuals living with HIV. This segment faces unique challenges, such as varying healthcare infrastructure, economic disparities, and culturally diverse populations. Increased efforts to expand access to treatment, raise awareness, and reduce new infections are driving market growth. Generic medications and government initiatives to combat HIV/AIDS play a significant role in the Asia Pacific market. Moreover, collaborations with international organizations and NGOs are enhancing the region's response to the HIV epidemic.
Latin America has a growing HIV drugs market, driven by the expanding healthcare infrastructure and increased access to treatment and prevention programs. The region faces challenges related to inequality and limited access to healthcare services in some areas. However, initiatives to improve healthcare coverage, raise awareness, and expand access to antiretroviral therapies are driving market growth. Collaboration between governments, pharmaceutical companies, and non-profit organizations is critical to addressing the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Latin America.
The Middle East and Africa represent a diverse and challenging market for HIV drugs. While access to treatment has improved in some countries, significant disparities persist due to economic and healthcare infrastructure differences. The region faces cultural and social stigma related to HIV/AIDS, which can hinder diagnosis and treatment. Nonetheless, efforts to expand access to medications, increase awareness, and promote preventive measures are ongoing. Partnerships with international organizations and global health initiatives are crucial in addressing the unique challenges in the Middle East and Africa.
Key players in the global HIV drugs market are actively engaged in several strategic initiatives. They are focusing on research and development to innovate and improve existing antiretroviral therapies, aiming for more convenient dosing regimens, fewer side effects, and enhanced treatment outcomes. These companies are also expanding their product portfolios by developing new drugs and combination therapies. Additionally, they are collaborating with governments, NGOs, and healthcare providers to increase access to HIV medications in resource-limited regions and to implement preventive measures. Furthermore, these pharmaceutical giants are investing in awareness campaigns and education to reduce HIV stigma and promote early diagnosis and treatment.