게르마늄은 트랜지스터 및 각종 전자기기 제조에 널리 사용되는 중요한 반도체 재료로 광섬유 시스템, 적외선 광학, 중합 반응의 촉매, 전자, 태양광 발전 등 다양한 용도로 사용됩니다.
2018년부터 2022년까지의 수출 추세를 보면 중국의 게르마늄 자원 수출은 전반적으로 증가 추세를 보이고 있습니다. 그러나 2022년 수출액은 18% 증가한 약 2억 2,300만 달러에 달했지만 수출량은 전년 대비 12.1% 감소한 약 1만 9,315톤에 그쳤습니다. 같은 기간 중국의 게르마늄 자원 수출의 평균 가격은 변동이 있었지만 전반적으로 상승세를 보였으며, 2018년부터 2023년 상반기까지 킬로그램당 가격은 9.3달러에서 12.1달러로 상승했습니다.
중국의 게르마늄 자원은 2022년부터 2023년까지 세계 약 30개 국가와 지역에 수출되었습니다. 주요 수출국은 일본, 독일, 프랑스, 한국, 미국 등입니다. 일본은 2022년 중국의 게르마늄 자원 수출 총량의 약 30.9%(약 5,960톤, 약 5,140만 달러)를 수입해 같은 해 수출 총액의 23.0%를 차지했습니다.
이 보고서는 중국의 게르마늄 자원(Germanium Resources) 수출 동향을 조사하여 수출량, 수출액, 수출 가격 추이, 수출의 주요 촉진요인, 과제, 기회 분석, 시장 예측, 주요 기업 분석 및 경쟁사 벤치마킹 등의 정보를 정리하였습니다.
Germanium, a critical semiconductor material used extensively in the production of transistors and various electronic devices, boasts diverse applications. These include fiber optic systems, infrared optics, catalysts for polymerization reactions, electronics, and solar power. Its innate semiconductor excellence positions it at the forefront of technologies such as semiconductors, fiber optic communications, infrared optics, solar cells, chemical catalysts, and biomedical applications.
In a significant development, on July 3, 2023, China's Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs issued a proclamation. This proclamation, approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China, establishes export controls on gallium and germanium-related items, aiming to safeguard national security and interests. These controls will be enforced starting from August 1, 2023, with administrative penalties or potential criminal liability for unauthorized exports or violations of the authorization scope.
Examining the export trends from 2018 to 2022, China's germanium resources exports displayed an overall upward trajectory. However, in 2022, export volumes dipped by 12.1% year-on-year, totaling around 19,315 tons, while the export value rose by 18%, reaching approximately 223 million U.S. dollars. During the same period, the average price of China's germanium resources exports witnessed fluctuations but generally trended upwards, increasing from USD 9.3 per kilogram in the first half of 2018-2023 to USD 12.1 per kilogram.
China's germanium resources found their way to approximately 30 countries and regions across the globe in 2022-2023. Leading destinations for these exports, in terms of value, include Japan, Germany, France, South Korea, and the United States. Japan emerged as the primary recipient, receiving around 30.9% of China's total germanium resource exports in 2022, amounting to about 5,960 tons and a value of approximately US$51.4 million, making up 23.0% of the total export value for that year.
China's prominence in the global germanium resources market is undeniable. Nevertheless, with the implementation of export restrictions effective from August 1, 2023, a notable decline in export volume and value is anticipated in 2023 compared to the previous year. This development raises questions about the future of China's germanium resource exports, which will be explored in more detail in upcoming sections. These sections will delve into key drivers, challenges, opportunities, and competitive dynamics, as well as the impact of COVID-19 and constraints on the growth of this industry.
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